Hydraulic performance of 14-G hemodialysis catheters versus an 8-Fr arterial cannula in a mock 3-kg small-dog cardiopulmonary bypass circuit
4 affiliations
- 1Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Fukuoka Medical Technology, Teikyo University, Omuta, Fukuoka, Japan.
- 2Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi, Japan.
- 3Graduate Degree Program of Comprehensive Applied Data Science, Teikyo University, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan.
- 4Biodesign Division, Department of Academia-Government-Industry Collaboration, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Abstract
Arterial cannulation for cardiopulmonary bypass in small dogs is challenging because small vessel diameters may preclude use of appropriately sized pediatric arterial cannulas. Although off-label use of 14-gauge hemodialysis catheters has been reported, their pressure–flow characteristics under small-dog cardiopulmonary bypass conditions remain unclear. This in vitro study evaluated one 8-French pediatric arterial cannula and six 14-gauge hemodialysis catheter specimens—separate side-hole and sealed specimens at effective lengths of 25, 32, and 38 mm—in a closed-loop mock circuit for a 3-kg small dog. A 34% (w/w) glycerol–water solution (viscosity 2.8 cP at 28°C) served as an approximate Newtonian blood analogue. The Stockert S5 pump flow-rate setting was increased from 50 to 350 mL/min; 50–300 mL/min was prespecified as the primary analysis range and 350 mL/min as exploratory. The reported outlet pressure was recorded 1,000 mm upstream of the test device, while inlet pressure was monitored 300 mm downstream and regulated to 60 mmHg; six technical runs per condition were conducted using the same physical device and circuit setup. Within the primary analysis range, outlet pressure was approximately 136–137 mmHg at 300 mL/min; mean differences for the 14-G specimens versus the 8-French cannula were +0.33 to +0.67 mmHg, with 95% confidence intervals from −1.33 to +2.15 mmHg. At 350 mL/min, outlet pressures were higher for all three side-hole 14-gauge specimens than for the 8-French cannula. At 300 mL/min, outlet pressure was approximately 2–3 mmHg lower for the side-hole specimens than for the sealed specimens across all catheter lengths. Together, these findings indicate small observed circuit-level differences in outlet pressure among tested devices within this standardized mock small-dog cardiopulmonary bypass circuit, but do not establish formal equivalence, device-to-device interchangeability, or clinical validity.
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BibTeX
@article{wauchi2026hydraulic,
title = {{Hydraulic performance of 14-G hemodialysis catheters versus an 8-Fr arterial cannula in a mock 3-kg small-dog cardiopulmonary bypass circuit}},
author = {Keizo Wauchi and Chisato Ikubo and Hirohito Imada and Masahiro Miyata and Kenji Tani},
journal = {PLOS One},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0361473},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0361473},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Hydraulic performance of 14-G hemodialysis catheters versus an 8-Fr arterial cannula in a mock 3-kg small-dog cardiopulmonary bypass circuit
AU - Keizo Wauchi
AU - Chisato Ikubo
AU - Hirohito Imada
AU - Masahiro Miyata
AU - Kenji Tani
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/26
JO - PLOS One
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0361473
UR - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0361473
AB - Arterial cannulation for cardiopulmonary bypass in small dogs is challenging because small vessel diameters may preclude use of appropriately sized pediatric arterial cannulas. Although off-label use of 14-gauge hemodialysis catheters has been reported, their pressure–flow characteristics under small-dog cardiopulmonary bypass conditions remain unclear. This in vitro study evaluated one 8-French pediatric arterial cannula and six 14-gauge hemodialysis catheter specimens—separate side-hole and sealed specimens at effective lengths of 25, 32, and 38 mm—in a closed-loop mock circuit for a 3-kg small dog. A 34% (w/w) glycerol–water solution (viscosity 2.8 cP at 28°C) served as an approximate Newtonian blood analogue. The Stockert S5 pump flow-rate setting was increased from 50 to 350 mL/min; 50–300 mL/min was prespecified as the primary analysis range and 350 mL/min as exploratory. The reported outlet pressure was recorded 1,000 mm upstream of the test device, while inlet pressure was monitored 300 mm downstream and regulated to 60 mmHg; six technical runs per condition were conducted using the same physical device and circuit setup. Within the primary analysis range, outlet pressure was approximately 136–137 mmHg at 300 mL/min; mean differences for the 14-G specimens versus the 8-French cannula were +0.33 to +0.67 mmHg, with 95% confidence intervals from −1.33 to +2.15 mmHg. At 350 mL/min, outlet pressures were higher for all three side-hole 14-gauge specimens than for the 8-French cannula. At 300 mL/min, outlet pressure was approximately 2–3 mmHg lower for the side-hole specimens than for the sealed specimens across all catheter lengths. Together, these findings indicate small observed circuit-level differences in outlet pressure among tested devices within this standardized mock small-dog cardiopulmonary bypass circuit, but do not establish formal equivalence, device-to-device interchangeability, or clinical validity.
SN - 1932-6203
ER -