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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Cancers

A 20-Year Real-World Benchmark of Metastatic Uveal Melanoma Outcomes in a Tebentafusp-Inaccessible Setting: A Comprehensive Cancer Center Study

  • Yacob Saleh1
  • Baker Shiha2
  • Manar Abu Awwad1
  • Anas Zayed1
  • Maen Hamad1
  • Ibrahim AlNawaiseh3
  • Mona Mohammad3
  • Sameer Yasir1
  • Ramiz Abuhijlih4
  • Wafa Asha4
  • Imad Jaradat4
  • Abdulla Alzibdeh4
2 more authors
  • Omar Jaber5
  • Yacoub A. Yousef3
5 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Internal Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11181, Jordan
  2. 2Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
  3. 3Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology), King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11181, Jordan
  4. 4Department of Radiation Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11181, Jordan
  5. 5Department of Pathology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11181, Jordan
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Abstract

Background: Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare malignancy. Despite effective local control, 10–50% of patients develop metastatic disease, which is associated with poor prognosis. Real-world data remain lacking. This study evaluated the clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes of metastatic UM in a comprehensive cancer center in Jordan. Methods: This retrospective study included adult patients with metastatic UM treated and followed at King Hussein Cancer Center in Jordan (2006–2025). Baseline characteristics and treatment patterns were collected. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed in JASP v0.95.4 and R v4.5.3. A two-sided p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Among 125 patients with followed UM, 31 (24.8%) had metastatic disease and were included in the analysis. Median age at diagnosis was 51 years, 61.3% were males, 61.2% had an ECOG PS 0–1, and 51.6% had hepatic-only metastases. Median time to distant metastasis was 25 months. Median OS from initial diagnosis was 35 months, while median post-metastatic OS (PM-OS) was 10 months. First-line immunotherapy was associated with improved PM-OS compared to Dacarbazine (median, 11 vs. 5 months; p = 0.034; 24-month PM-OS, 44.4% vs. 0%). In exploratory analysis, patients who continued immunotherapy beyond radiologic progression, consistent with pseudoprogression, had longer PM-OS than those who discontinued therapy (median, 32 vs. 6 months; Log-rank p = 0.020). Conclusions: In this real-world cohort, metastatic UM was associated with poor outcomes and limited access to novel therapies including Tebentafusp. First-line immunotherapy may be associated with favorable survival outcomes, and hypothesis-generating exploratory analysis suggested potential benefit from immunotherapy continuation beyond radiologic progression.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{saleh202620year,
  title = {{A 20-Year Real-World Benchmark of Metastatic Uveal Melanoma Outcomes in a Tebentafusp-Inaccessible Setting: A Comprehensive Cancer Center Study}},
  author = {Yacob Saleh and Baker Shiha and Manar Abu Awwad and Anas Zayed and Maen Hamad and Ibrahim AlNawaiseh and Mona Mohammad and Sameer Yasir and Ramiz Abuhijlih and Wafa Asha and Imad Jaradat and Abdulla Alzibdeh and Omar Jaber and Yacoub A. Yousef},
  journal = {Cancers},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3390/cancers18213512},
  url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/18/21/3512},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - A 20-Year Real-World Benchmark of Metastatic Uveal Melanoma Outcomes in a Tebentafusp-Inaccessible Setting: A Comprehensive Cancer Center Study
AU  - Yacob Saleh
AU  - Baker Shiha
AU  - Manar Abu Awwad
AU  - Anas Zayed
AU  - Maen Hamad
AU  - Ibrahim AlNawaiseh
AU  - Mona Mohammad
AU  - Sameer Yasir
AU  - Ramiz Abuhijlih
AU  - Wafa Asha
AU  - Imad Jaradat
AU  - Abdulla Alzibdeh
AU  - Omar Jaber
AU  - Yacoub A. Yousef
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/31
JO  - Cancers
DO  - 10.3390/cancers18213512
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/18/21/3512
AB  - Background: Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare malignancy. Despite effective local control, 10–50% of patients develop metastatic disease, which is associated with poor prognosis. Real-world data remain lacking. This study evaluated the clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes of metastatic UM in a comprehensive cancer center in Jordan. Methods: This retrospective study included adult patients with metastatic UM treated and followed at King Hussein Cancer Center in Jordan (2006–2025). Baseline characteristics and treatment patterns were collected. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed in JASP v0.95.4 and R v4.5.3. A two-sided p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Among 125 patients with followed UM, 31 (24.8%) had metastatic disease and were included in the analysis. Median age at diagnosis was 51 years, 61.3% were males, 61.2% had an ECOG PS 0–1, and 51.6% had hepatic-only metastases. Median time to distant metastasis was 25 months. Median OS from initial diagnosis was 35 months, while median post-metastatic OS (PM-OS) was 10 months. First-line immunotherapy was associated with improved PM-OS compared to Dacarbazine (median, 11 vs. 5 months; p = 0.034; 24-month PM-OS, 44.4% vs. 0%). In exploratory analysis, patients who continued immunotherapy beyond radiologic progression, consistent with pseudoprogression, had longer PM-OS than those who discontinued therapy (median, 32 vs. 6 months; Log-rank p = 0.020). Conclusions: In this real-world cohort, metastatic UM was associated with poor outcomes and limited access to novel therapies including Tebentafusp. First-line immunotherapy may be associated with favorable survival outcomes, and hypothesis-generating exploratory analysis suggested potential benefit from immunotherapy continuation beyond radiologic progression.
SN  - 2072-6694
ER  -