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Peer-reviewedCC BYJournal of medical virology

B-Cell Follicles in the Secondary Lymphatic Tissues Act as a Critical Microanatomical Niche for Sustained Viral Replication, Virus-Host Interaction and Damage During Chronic SIV Infection of Rhesus Macaques.

  • Yilun Cheng1
  • Miaoyun Zhao1,2
  • Jackson Chen1,2
  • Subhra Mandal1
  • Mark G Lewis3
  • Qingsheng Li1,2
  1. 1Nebraska Center for Virology and School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.
  2. 2The Wistar Institute, HIV Cure and Viral Diseases Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
  3. 3BIOQUAL, Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA.
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Abstract

Most people living with HIV-1 (HIV) are diagnosed during the chronic stage of infection, at which point viral setpoint has been established and a substantial immunopathologic damage in the secondary lymphatic tissues (LTs) has been induced. To better characterize virus-host interaction and immunopathologic damage in LTs, we investigated viral spatial distribution patterns and the corresponding LT structural alterations in SIV chronically infected rhesus macaques. Using RNAscope in-situ hybridization (RNAscope) and a combination of CODEX with RNAscope (Comb-CODEX-RNAscope), we demonstrated that in chronic infection, SIV viral RNA (vRNA) is predominantly resides within B-cell follicles with minimal presence in T-cell zones, and there is significant B-cell follicular damage, encompassing follicular hyperplasia, fibrosis, and disintegration of the germinal center. Using high-resolution quantitative spatial Comb-CODEX-RNAscope, our results confirm that the B-cell follicles act as a critical microanatomical niche for sustained viral replication, virus-host interaction and tissue damage during SIV chronic infection.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{cheng2026bcell,
  title = {{B-Cell Follicles in the Secondary Lymphatic Tissues Act as a Critical Microanatomical Niche for Sustained Viral Replication, Virus-Host Interaction and Damage During Chronic SIV Infection of Rhesus Macaques.}},
  author = {Yilun Cheng and Miaoyun Zhao and Jackson Chen and Subhra Mandal and Mark G Lewis and Qingsheng Li},
  journal = {Journal of medical virology},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1002/jmv.71200},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42949219},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - B-Cell Follicles in the Secondary Lymphatic Tissues Act as a Critical Microanatomical Niche for Sustained Viral Replication, Virus-Host Interaction and Damage During Chronic SIV Infection of Rhesus Macaques.
AU  - Yilun Cheng
AU  - Miaoyun Zhao
AU  - Jackson Chen
AU  - Subhra Mandal
AU  - Mark G Lewis
AU  - Qingsheng Li
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/28
JO  - Journal of medical virology
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.71200
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42949219
AB  - Most people living with HIV-1 (HIV) are diagnosed during the chronic stage of infection, at which point viral setpoint has been established and a substantial immunopathologic damage in the secondary lymphatic tissues (LTs) has been induced. To better characterize virus-host interaction and immunopathologic damage in LTs, we investigated viral spatial distribution patterns and the corresponding LT structural alterations in SIV chronically infected rhesus macaques. Using RNAscope in-situ hybridization (RNAscope) and a combination of CODEX with RNAscope (Comb-CODEX-RNAscope), we demonstrated that in chronic infection, SIV viral RNA (vRNA) is predominantly resides within B-cell follicles with minimal presence in T-cell zones, and there is significant B-cell follicular damage, encompassing follicular hyperplasia, fibrosis, and disintegration of the germinal center. Using high-resolution quantitative spatial Comb-CODEX-RNAscope, our results confirm that the B-cell follicles act as a critical microanatomical niche for sustained viral replication, virus-host interaction and tissue damage during SIV chronic infection.
SN  - 0146-6615
SN  - 1096-9071
ER  -