Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapy for advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.
4 affiliations
- 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- 2Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- 3Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- 4National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common primary liver cancer. It tends to metastasize even at the small neoplasm stage, and the prognosis for advanced ICC remains poor, with a five-year survival rate of merely 5%. Chemotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has become the standard first-line treatment for unresectable ICC, while hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) has shown promising efficacy in ICC. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of HAIC in combination with ICIs and multi-targeted therapy for advanced ICC. From January 11, 2022 to April 30, 2024, a total of 57 patients with advanced ICC who received HAIC combined with systemic ICIs and targeted therapy were enrolled in our department. Overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) were the primary endpoints. PFS and OS were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Factors affecting PFS and OS were analyzed by the Cox regression analysis. According to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours 1.1 (RECIST 1.1), the objective response rate (ORR) was 35.1% and the disease control rate (DCR) was 73.7%. The median PFS was 4.5 [95% confidence interval (CI), 3.1-5.8] months, and the median OS was 12.0 (95% CI, 8.1-15.8) months. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and Child-Pugh class were independent risk factors for patient survival. Locoregional HAIC combined with systemic ICIs plus targeted therapy is a critical alternative strategy for advanced ICC, which needs to be validated by further prospective studies.
Related
- Inhibition of the ZEB1–BCL2 axis in cancer-associated fibroblasts as a strategy to improve chemotherapy response in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
- Benefiting Subgroup From Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: A Propensity Score‐Matched Study
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy versus chemotherapy for early triple‐negative breast cancer
- Real-World Evidence of First- or Second-Line Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Versus Chemotherapy in Advanced NSCLC: A Prospective Pragmatic Multicenter Korean Study
- Beyond combination: sequencing priming modalities before immune checkpoint inhibitors to convert immunologically cold tumors toward an ICI-responsive phenotype
BibTeX
@article{zhang2026hepatic,
title = {{Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapy for advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.}},
author = {Li Zhang and Chengfeng Liu and Juan Zhang and Xin Xu and Jia Yuan and Ningling Ge and Lan Zhang and Rongxin Chen and Maopei Chen},
journal = {Journal of gastrointestinal oncology},
year = {2026},
month = aug,
doi = {10.21037/jgo-2026-0516},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42996851},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapy for advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.
AU - Li Zhang
AU - Chengfeng Liu
AU - Juan Zhang
AU - Xin Xu
AU - Jia Yuan
AU - Ningling Ge
AU - Lan Zhang
AU - Rongxin Chen
AU - Maopei Chen
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/08/24
JO - Journal of gastrointestinal oncology
DO - 10.21037/jgo-2026-0516
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42996851
AB - Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common primary liver cancer. It tends to metastasize even at the small neoplasm stage, and the prognosis for advanced ICC remains poor, with a five-year survival rate of merely 5%. Chemotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has become the standard first-line treatment for unresectable ICC, while hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) has shown promising efficacy in ICC. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of HAIC in combination with ICIs and multi-targeted therapy for advanced ICC. From January 11, 2022 to April 30, 2024, a total of 57 patients with advanced ICC who received HAIC combined with systemic ICIs and targeted therapy were enrolled in our department. Overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) were the primary endpoints. PFS and OS were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Factors affecting PFS and OS were analyzed by the Cox regression analysis. According to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours 1.1 (RECIST 1.1), the objective response rate (ORR) was 35.1% and the disease control rate (DCR) was 73.7%. The median PFS was 4.5 [95% confidence interval (CI), 3.1-5.8] months, and the median OS was 12.0 (95% CI, 8.1-15.8) months. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and Child-Pugh class were independent risk factors for patient survival. Locoregional HAIC combined with systemic ICIs plus targeted therapy is a critical alternative strategy for advanced ICC, which needs to be validated by further prospective studies.
SN - 2078-6891
SN - 2219-679X
ER -