Ancestral lineages under horizontal trait transfer: spinal decomposition and time reversal beyond stationarity
Abstract
We investigate a stochastic individual-based population model with trait-dependent reproduction, death, competition, variation, and deleterious transfer. Nonlinearities appear in the competition term and the transfer form, which moreover is asymmetric. In the large-population limit, the process converges to a deterministic measure-valued equation. The latter helps us to uncover the past history of living individuals. We replace in the interactions the original stochastic process with the deterministic large population approximation obtaining a nonhomogeneous measure-valued branching process, for which we use a spinal decomposition, generalizing a method that existed only for the stationary case. Reversing time, we identify the law of typical ancestral lineages. This approach encompasses a variety of settings and requires delicate functional analysis. In contrast to earlier approaches in the literature, which relied either on stochastic calculus or on favourable jump structures under stationarity assumptions, our method provides a more direct and more general point of view.
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BibTeX
@misc{bravo2026ancestral,
title = {{Ancestral lineages under horizontal trait transfer: spinal decomposition and time reversal beyond stationarity}},
author = {Mateo Deangeli Bravo},
howpublished = {HAL},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.39270},
eprint = {2609.39270},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://hal.science/hal-05769935v1},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Ancestral lineages under horizontal trait transfer: spinal decomposition and time reversal beyond stationarity
AU - Mateo Deangeli Bravo
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/29
PB - HAL
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.39270
UR - https://hal.science/hal-05769935v1
AB - We investigate a stochastic individual-based population model with trait-dependent reproduction, death, competition, variation, and deleterious transfer. Nonlinearities appear in the competition term and the transfer form, which moreover is asymmetric. In the large-population limit, the process converges to a deterministic measure-valued equation. The latter helps us to uncover the past history of living individuals. We replace in the interactions the original stochastic process with the deterministic large population approximation obtaining a nonhomogeneous measure-valued branching process, for which we use a spinal decomposition, generalizing a method that existed only for the stationary case. Reversing time, we identify the law of typical ancestral lineages. This approach encompasses a variety of settings and requires delicate functional analysis. In contrast to earlier approaches in the literature, which relied either on stochastic calculus or on favourable jump structures under stationarity assumptions, our method provides a more direct and more general point of view.
ER -