Characteristics of hospitalized children with immunoglobulin A vasculitis: a 7-year retrospective study of 119,217 pediatric inpatients in China.
- 1Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- 2Big Data Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Abstract
Background
Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV), formerly Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP), is the most common systemic vasculitis in children. This study aimed to systematically analyze the demographic, epidemiological, clinical, and infectious characteristics of pediatric IgAV using a large-scale real-world dataset.Methods
A retrospective study was conducted using inpatient discharge abstracts from Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, spanning January 2016 to December 2022. A total of 119,217 pediatric patients (aged 18 years or younger) diagnosed with IgAV were enrolled. Demographic characteristics, clinical classification, infectious triggers, pathogen spectrum, and multisystem comorbidities and complications were systematically analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0. A two-sided P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results
Among 119,217 enrolled patients, the mean age was 7.79 ± 3.17 years with a male-to-female ratio of 1.30:1. School-aged children (50.77%) and Han ethnicity (93.27%) predominated. Southern China (57.91%) and rural areas (56.91%) showed higher case volumes (both P < 0.001). The winter-spring period (November-March) concentrated 50.66% of cases (P < 0.001). Clinically, unspecified type was most common (57.02%), followed by renal type (20.04%). Renal-type cases showed a significant increasing trend (P < 0.001). Co-infections were present in 47.49% of patients. Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the most frequently recorded pathogen (5.82%), compared with Streptococcus pneumoniae (0.32%). Digestive system complications were most prevalent (4.97%).Conclusions
Pediatric IgAV in this large Chinese inpatient cohort demonstrated male predominance, a winter-spring peak, and an increasing proportion of renal-type classification (from 15.5% to 27.0% over 7 years). Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the most frequently recorded pathogen (5.82%). These findings suggest that systematic multi-pathogen screening (including Mycoplasma pneumoniae) and standardized long-term urinalysis follow-up may be warranted in the management of hospitalized pediatric IgAV patients.
Related
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- Association between the time window of rash recurrence and the risk of renal involvement within 6 months in children with immunoglobulin A vasculitis.
BibTeX
@article{ma2026characteristics,
title = {{Characteristics of hospitalized children with immunoglobulin A vasculitis: a 7-year retrospective study of 119,217 pediatric inpatients in China.}},
author = {Yue Ma and Xinyu Wang and Ningning Zhang and Chang Liu and Xin Mo and Yue Hou and Qiang He},
journal = {Frontiers in pediatrics},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3389/fped.2026.1965302},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/43011018},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Characteristics of hospitalized children with immunoglobulin A vasculitis: a 7-year retrospective study of 119,217 pediatric inpatients in China.
AU - Yue Ma
AU - Xinyu Wang
AU - Ningning Zhang
AU - Chang Liu
AU - Xin Mo
AU - Yue Hou
AU - Qiang He
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/27
JO - Frontiers in pediatrics
DO - 10.3389/fped.2026.1965302
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/43011018
AB - Background Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV), formerly Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP), is the most common systemic vasculitis in children. This study aimed to systematically analyze the demographic, epidemiological, clinical, and infectious characteristics of pediatric IgAV using a large-scale real-world dataset.Methods A retrospective study was conducted using inpatient discharge abstracts from Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, spanning January 2016 to December 2022. A total of 119,217 pediatric patients (aged 18 years or younger) diagnosed with IgAV were enrolled. Demographic characteristics, clinical classification, infectious triggers, pathogen spectrum, and multisystem comorbidities and complications were systematically analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0. A two-sided P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results Among 119,217 enrolled patients, the mean age was 7.79 ± 3.17 years with a male-to-female ratio of 1.30:1. School-aged children (50.77%) and Han ethnicity (93.27%) predominated. Southern China (57.91%) and rural areas (56.91%) showed higher case volumes (both P < 0.001). The winter-spring period (November-March) concentrated 50.66% of cases (P < 0.001). Clinically, unspecified type was most common (57.02%), followed by renal type (20.04%). Renal-type cases showed a significant increasing trend (P < 0.001). Co-infections were present in 47.49% of patients. Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the most frequently recorded pathogen (5.82%), compared with Streptococcus pneumoniae (0.32%). Digestive system complications were most prevalent (4.97%).Conclusions Pediatric IgAV in this large Chinese inpatient cohort demonstrated male predominance, a winter-spring peak, and an increasing proportion of renal-type classification (from 15.5% to 27.0% over 7 years). Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the most frequently recorded pathogen (5.82%). These findings suggest that systematic multi-pathogen screening (including Mycoplasma pneumoniae) and standardized long-term urinalysis follow-up may be warranted in the management of hospitalized pediatric IgAV patients.
SN - 2296-2360
ER -