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Peer-reviewedCC BYJournal of High Energy Physics

Holography of K-complexity: switchbacks and shockwaves

  • Marco Ambrosini1
  • Eliezer Rabinovici2,3
  • Julian Sonner1
  1. 1University of Geneva
  2. 2CERN, Theoretical Physics Department
  3. 3The Hebrew University
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Abstract

A bstract In this paper we study Krylov complexity in the presence of single and multiple operators in the DSSYK model, where we can use the analytical techniques coming from chord diagrammatics. One of the results we obtain is that it showcases the switchback effect, when the appropriate “triple-scaling limit” is taken, under which the model becomes dual to semiclassical JT gravity. We build on previous work, where it was shown that, in the continuum limit, Krylov complexity is defined as the sum of expectations value of right and left chord number operators. Here we argue that this property signals the emergence of the geometric nature of this notion of K-complexity. We show that in the regime where DSSYK is dual to semi-classical gravity, the light matter chord corresponds to a shockwave insertion in JT gravity. We identify the geodesic-length dual of the operator complexity and extend the relevant holographic dictionary to describe the details of the matter insertions. Additionally, we define a class of two-sided perturbations of the Lanczos algorithm that allows to analyze the switchback effect. In the appropriate semi-classical limit, this perturbed operator complexity is dual to an ERB length in JT gravity with corresponding shockwave insertions. We thus establish that K-complexity exhibits the expected switchback effect and universal late-time linear growth, consistent with previous findings regarding its geometric nature in the holographic bulk-boundary map.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{ambrosini2026holography,
  title = {{Holography of K-complexity: switchbacks and shockwaves}},
  author = {Marco Ambrosini and Eliezer Rabinovici and Julian Sonner},
  journal = {Journal of High Energy Physics},
  year = {2026},
  month = jun,
  doi = {10.1007/jhep06(2026)060},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep06(2026)060},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Holography of K-complexity: switchbacks and shockwaves
AU  - Marco Ambrosini
AU  - Eliezer Rabinovici
AU  - Julian Sonner
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/06/04
JO  - Journal of High Energy Physics
DO  - 10.1007/jhep06(2026)060
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep06(2026)060
AB  - A bstract In this paper we study Krylov complexity in the presence of single and multiple operators in the DSSYK model, where we can use the analytical techniques coming from chord diagrammatics. One of the results we obtain is that it showcases the switchback effect, when the appropriate “triple-scaling limit” is taken, under which the model becomes dual to semiclassical JT gravity. We build on previous work, where it was shown that, in the continuum limit, Krylov complexity is defined as the sum of expectations value of right and left chord number operators. Here we argue that this property signals the emergence of the geometric nature of this notion of K-complexity. We show that in the regime where DSSYK is dual to semi-classical gravity, the light matter chord corresponds to a shockwave insertion in JT gravity. We identify the geodesic-length dual of the operator complexity and extend the relevant holographic dictionary to describe the details of the matter insertions. Additionally, we define a class of two-sided perturbations of the Lanczos algorithm that allows to analyze the switchback effect. In the appropriate semi-classical limit, this perturbed operator complexity is dual to an ERB length in JT gravity with corresponding shockwave insertions. We thus establish that K-complexity exhibits the expected switchback effect and universal late-time linear growth, consistent with previous findings regarding its geometric nature in the holographic bulk-boundary map.
SN  - 1029-8479
SN  - 1126-6708
SN  - 1127-2236
ER  -