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Peer-reviewedCC BYResearch (Washington, D.C.)

Terahertz Photons Ameliorate Traumatic Brain Injury and Reduce Neuroinflammation via the Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Signaling Pathway.

  • Jingzhou Liu1
  • Xin Zhao1,2
  • Yuan Zhong3
  • Junkai Yin1
  • Hongwei Wu1
  • Tingrong Zhang4
  • Yun Yu1,4
  • Rundong Jiang1,2
  • Yue Wang1,2
  • Chao Chang1,2,5
5 affiliations
  1. 1Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing, China.
  2. 2National Key Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interface Technology, Beijing, China.
  3. 3Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
  4. 4School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
  5. 5School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has the highest incidence among common neurological disorders and remains the leading cause of mortality and disability among all kinds of injuries, yet specific therapies for TBI are still unavailable. In the present study, we found that short-term administration of terahertz (THz) photons during the acute phase of TBI ameliorated brain damage and cognitive deficits. THz photons induced a reduced population of microglia and an increased number of anti-inflammatory phenotypes of microglia. In vivo and in vitro validation further revealed that THz photons inhibit inflammasome activation. Blocking adenylyl cyclase type 9 (AC9) in microglia attenuated the beneficial effects of THz irradiation, indicating that THz-irradiation-mediated inhibition of inflammasome activation involves the AC9/cyclic adenosine monophosphate/NLR and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 signaling pathway. Compared with drug therapy, THz photon technology offers noninvasiveness, accurate tissue targeting, and on-demand application and removal. In conclusion, this study established a THz-photon-based therapeutic paradigm, highlighting its potential as a therapy for TBI and potentially other forms of acute brain injury.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{liu2026terahertz,
  title = {{Terahertz Photons Ameliorate Traumatic Brain Injury and Reduce Neuroinflammation via the Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Signaling Pathway.}},
  author = {Jingzhou Liu and Xin Zhao and Yuan Zhong and Junkai Yin and Hongwei Wu and Tingrong Zhang and Yun Yu and Rundong Jiang and Yue Wang and Chao Chang},
  journal = {Research (Washington, D.C.)},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.34133/research.1468},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42948201},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Terahertz Photons Ameliorate Traumatic Brain Injury and Reduce Neuroinflammation via the Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Signaling Pathway.
AU  - Jingzhou Liu
AU  - Xin Zhao
AU  - Yuan Zhong
AU  - Junkai Yin
AU  - Hongwei Wu
AU  - Tingrong Zhang
AU  - Yun Yu
AU  - Rundong Jiang
AU  - Yue Wang
AU  - Chao Chang
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/27
JO  - Research (Washington, D.C.)
DO  - 10.34133/research.1468
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42948201
AB  - Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has the highest incidence among common neurological disorders and remains the leading cause of mortality and disability among all kinds of injuries, yet specific therapies for TBI are still unavailable. In the present study, we found that short-term administration of terahertz (THz) photons during the acute phase of TBI ameliorated brain damage and cognitive deficits. THz photons induced a reduced population of microglia and an increased number of anti-inflammatory phenotypes of microglia. In vivo and in vitro validation further revealed that THz photons inhibit inflammasome activation. Blocking adenylyl cyclase type 9 (AC9) in microglia attenuated the beneficial effects of THz irradiation, indicating that THz-irradiation-mediated inhibition of inflammasome activation involves the AC9/cyclic adenosine monophosphate/NLR and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 signaling pathway. Compared with drug therapy, THz photon technology offers noninvasiveness, accurate tissue targeting, and on-demand application and removal. In conclusion, this study established a THz-photon-based therapeutic paradigm, highlighting its potential as a therapy for TBI and potentially other forms of acute brain injury.
SN  - 2639-5274
ER  -