Functional disability, diabetes and hypertension among adults in the United States, August 2021-August 2023.
- 1Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture, Loudi Central Hospital, Loudi, Hunan, China.
Abstract
Objective
To describe diabetes and hypertension prevalence, diagnosis status and measured-threshold outcomes by functional disability.Methods
We analyzed the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in the United States during August 2021-August 2023. Adults aged 18 years or older were classified using six Washington Group functioning domains. Outcome-specific weights and direct age standardization were used. Disability-minus-no-disability differences and 95% confidence intervals accounted for the complex survey design.Results
Among 8101 adults with complete functioning data, total diabetes and hypertension were classifiable in 5974 and 6172. Standardized total-disease differences were 9.3 percentage points (5.8, 12.7) for diabetes and 8.3 (3.1, 13.6) for hypertension. Undiagnosed-disease differences among eligible adults were 0.6 (-0.4, 1.7) and -3.4 (-7.2, 0.5), respectively. Among hypertension cases with known diagnosis status, the undiagnosed fraction was lower with disability: -14.1 (-19.9, -8.3). Conditional diabetes estimates were imprecise and sensitive to sparse younger-age cells.Conclusions
Adults with functional disability had higher standardized total diabetes and hypertension prevalence. Diagnosis-status and measured-threshold findings depended on the condition and denominator; they do not establish equivalent care or explain the origins of prevalence differences.
Related
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BibTeX
@article{liu2026functional,
title = {{Functional disability, diabetes and hypertension among adults in the United States, August 2021-August 2023.}},
author = {Ying Liu and Piaopiao Chen and Yanmei Su and Juan Xie and Weiquan Zeng and Chun Pan},
journal = {Preventive medicine reports},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103664},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42894838},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Functional disability, diabetes and hypertension among adults in the United States, August 2021-August 2023.
AU - Ying Liu
AU - Piaopiao Chen
AU - Yanmei Su
AU - Juan Xie
AU - Weiquan Zeng
AU - Chun Pan
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/09
JO - Preventive medicine reports
DO - 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103664
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42894838
AB - Objective To describe diabetes and hypertension prevalence, diagnosis status and measured-threshold outcomes by functional disability.Methods We analyzed the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in the United States during August 2021-August 2023. Adults aged 18 years or older were classified using six Washington Group functioning domains. Outcome-specific weights and direct age standardization were used. Disability-minus-no-disability differences and 95% confidence intervals accounted for the complex survey design.Results Among 8101 adults with complete functioning data, total diabetes and hypertension were classifiable in 5974 and 6172. Standardized total-disease differences were 9.3 percentage points (5.8, 12.7) for diabetes and 8.3 (3.1, 13.6) for hypertension. Undiagnosed-disease differences among eligible adults were 0.6 (-0.4, 1.7) and -3.4 (-7.2, 0.5), respectively. Among hypertension cases with known diagnosis status, the undiagnosed fraction was lower with disability: -14.1 (-19.9, -8.3). Conditional diabetes estimates were imprecise and sensitive to sparse younger-age cells.Conclusions Adults with functional disability had higher standardized total diabetes and hypertension prevalence. Diagnosis-status and measured-threshold findings depended on the condition and denominator; they do not establish equivalent care or explain the origins of prevalence differences.
SN - 2211-3355
ER -