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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

Directing Near‐Perfect (001) Orientation in Wafer‐Scale BiOI Thin Films via Halide‐Mediated van der Waals Stacking

  • Gabriel Aygur1
  • Ashakiran Maibam1
  • Hayden Tuohey1
  • Tony Nguyen1
  • Mei Xian Low2
  • Sumeet Walia2
  • Zijun (June) Yong1
  • Ravichandar Babarao1
  • Daniel Gomez1
  • Enrico Della Gaspera1
  • Joel van Embden1
  1. 1School of Science RMIT University Melbourne Victoria Australia
  2. 2School of Engineering RMIT University Melbourne Victoria Australia
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Abstract

Controlling crystallographic orientation and facet exposure in 2D bismuth oxyhalide materials is critical for numerous applications, including efficient (photo)catalysis and enhanced charge transport. Oriented bismuth oxyhalide thin films are of strategic importance not only for their intrinsic properties but also as a gateway to many other valuable materials via their ability to undergo facile topotactic reactions. To progress the numerous applications linked to this family of materials this work identifies, for the first time, the mechanism regulating crystal orientation in bismuth oxyhalide (BiOI) thin films. Detailed experiments, backed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, reveal the pivotal role of iodine (halide) anions to modify the van der Waals stacking energies required to direct orientation. Using our methodology, we demonstrate (001) BiOI thin films on commercially relevant wafer scales with unprecedented (001) crystallographic alignment—addressing the key challenge of scalability. To probe structure‐function relations, we fabricate BiOI photodetectors. Compared to unoriented devices, our (001)‐oriented films demonstrate vastly increased operational stability, fewer trap states, ON/OFF signal switching up to 105, low (pA) noise levels, and millisecond response times. Our work can be used as a general methodology to control orientations in BiOX and related chalcohalide systems.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{aygur2026directing,
  title = {{Directing Near‐Perfect (001) Orientation in Wafer‐Scale BiOI Thin Films via Halide‐Mediated van der Waals Stacking}},
  author = {Gabriel Aygur and Ashakiran Maibam and Hayden Tuohey and Tony Nguyen and Mei Xian Low and Sumeet Walia and Zijun (June) Yong and Ravichandar Babarao and Daniel Gomez and Enrico Della Gaspera and Joel van Embden},
  journal = {Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.1002/adma.74729},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.74729},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Directing Near‐Perfect (001) Orientation in Wafer‐Scale BiOI Thin Films via Halide‐Mediated van der Waals Stacking
AU  - Gabriel Aygur
AU  - Ashakiran Maibam
AU  - Hayden Tuohey
AU  - Tony Nguyen
AU  - Mei Xian Low
AU  - Sumeet Walia
AU  - Zijun (June) Yong
AU  - Ravichandar Babarao
AU  - Daniel Gomez
AU  - Enrico Della Gaspera
AU  - Joel van Embden
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/23
JO  - Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
DO  - 10.1002/adma.74729
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.74729
AB  - Controlling crystallographic orientation and facet exposure in 2D bismuth oxyhalide materials is critical for numerous applications, including efficient (photo)catalysis and enhanced charge transport. Oriented bismuth oxyhalide thin films are of strategic importance not only for their intrinsic properties but also as a gateway to many other valuable materials via their ability to undergo facile topotactic reactions. To progress the numerous applications linked to this family of materials this work identifies, for the first time, the mechanism regulating crystal orientation in bismuth oxyhalide (BiOI) thin films. Detailed experiments, backed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, reveal the pivotal role of iodine (halide) anions to modify the van der Waals stacking energies required to direct orientation. Using our methodology, we demonstrate (001) BiOI thin films on commercially relevant wafer scales with unprecedented (001) crystallographic alignment—addressing the key challenge of scalability. To probe structure‐function relations, we fabricate BiOI photodetectors. Compared to unoriented devices, our (001)‐oriented films demonstrate vastly increased operational stability, fewer trap states, ON/OFF signal switching up to 105, low (pA) noise levels, and millisecond response times. Our work can be used as a general methodology to control orientations in BiOX and related chalcohalide systems.
SN  - 0935-9648
SN  - 1521-4095
ER  -