Norm Bounds on Sums of Positive Operators with Applications to Monogamy Games and Quantum Key Distribution
Abstract
Bounding the acceptance probabilities of quantum measurements is a recurring task in quantum information theory. An acceptance probability averaged over a random measurement setting can be bounded uniformly over the input state by the operator norm of an average of positive semidefinite operators. We prove a general inequality for such norms, valid for arbitrary finite families of positive semidefinite operators and averaging distributions. We give two applications of our operator-norm inequality. First, we determine the sharp robustness threshold for the parallel BB84 monogamy-of-entanglement game. For error thresholds β,γ∈[0,1/2], when the two players may make at most βn and γn errors, respectively, the optimal winning probability decays exponentially if (1−2β)2+(1−2γ)2>1, tends to one exponentially fast under the reverse strict inequality, and remains bounded away from zero on the boundary. Second, we establish the achievability of every asymptotic key rate 0<R<1− 2h2(γ) for one-sided device-independent BB84 quantum key distribution with tolerated bit-error rate γ and asymptotically optimal reconciliation, where h2(·) is the binary entropy function. Alice's measurements are trusted, while Bob may perform an arbitrary joint measurement depending on the entire basis string, subject to the protocol's receipt and isolation requirements. This recovers the usual BB84 rate in this model.
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BibTeX
@misc{beigi2026norm,
title = {{Norm Bounds on Sums of Positive Operators with Applications to Monogamy Games and Quantum Key Distribution}},
author = {Salman Beigi and Marco Tomamichel},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2611.05943},
eprint = {2611.05943},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.05943},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Norm Bounds on Sums of Positive Operators with Applications to Monogamy Games and Quantum Key Distribution
AU - Salman Beigi
AU - Marco Tomamichel
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/04
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2611.05943
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.05943
AB - Bounding the acceptance probabilities of quantum measurements is a recurring task in quantum information theory. An acceptance probability averaged over a random measurement setting can be bounded uniformly over the input state by the operator norm of an average of positive semidefinite operators. We prove a general inequality for such norms, valid for arbitrary finite families of positive semidefinite operators and averaging distributions. We give two applications of our operator-norm inequality. First, we determine the sharp robustness threshold for the parallel BB84 monogamy-of-entanglement game. For error thresholds β,γ∈[0,1/2], when the two players may make at most βn and γn errors, respectively, the optimal winning probability decays exponentially if (1−2β)^2+(1−2γ)^2>1, tends to one exponentially fast under the reverse strict inequality, and remains bounded away from zero on the boundary. Second, we establish the achievability of every asymptotic key rate 0<R<1− 2h_2(γ) for one-sided device-independent BB84 quantum key distribution with tolerated bit-error rate γ and asymptotically optimal reconciliation, where h_2(·) is the binary entropy function. Alice's measurements are trusted, while Bob may perform an arbitrary joint measurement depending on the entire basis string, subject to the protocol's receipt and isolation requirements. This recovers the usual BB84 rate in this model.
ER -