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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-ND 4.0Journal of Perinatology

Differences in practices for surgical site infection prevention in neonatal surgery between neonatologists and pediatric surgeons: a multicenter survey in Japan

  • Tomohiro Sunouchi1
  • Jun Fujishiro1
  • Toru Higuchi2
  • Hiroki Sakurai3
  • Akihiko Shimizu4
  • Sho Ishii5
  • Taizo Kusano6
  • Yuho Horikoshi7
  • Yoshiaki Shikama8
  • Takemi Murai9
  • Takayo Shoji10
  • Kenta Ito11
22 more authors
  • Masatoshi Nozaki12
  • Shinsuke Mizuno13
  • Takafumi Okada14
  • Takayuki Hoshina15
  • Yoshiaki Cho16
  • Yoshie Sakurai17
  • Hisao Okabe18
  • Daisuke Tamura19
  • Yuki Muta20
  • Chizuka Seki21
  • Ryu Yoneda22
  • Naho Fujiwara23
  • Masayoshi Shinjoh24
  • Tomohiro Katsuta25
  • Koo Nagasawa26
  • Toshihiko Okumura27
  • Hiroki Miura28
  • Yoshiki Kusama29
  • Kazumichi Fujioka30
  • Yoshitomo Motomura31
  • Yoshihiro Takahashi32
  • Chikara Ogimi33
33 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
  2. 2Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Hokkaido Medical Center for Child Health and Rehabilitation, Sapporo, Japan
  3. 3Department of Rheumatics and Infectious Disease, Miyagi Children’s Hospital, Miyagi, Japan
  4. 4Department of Infectious Diseases, Gunma Children’s Medical Center, Shibukawa, Japan
  5. 5Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Ibaraki Children’s Hospital, Mito, Japan
  6. 6Division of Infectious Diseases, Chiba Children’s Hospital, Chiba, Japan
  7. 7Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children’s Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
  8. 8Infection and Immunology, Kanagawa Children’s Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
  9. 9Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagano Children’s Hospital, Azumino, Japan
  10. 10Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Shizuoka Children’s Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
  11. 11Department of General Pediatrics, Aichi Children’s Health and Medical Center, Aichi, Japan
  12. 12Department of Perinatal and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Osaka Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Izumi, Osaka, Japan
  13. 13Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children’s Hospital, Hyogo, Japan
  14. 14Department of Pediatrics, Shikoku Medical Center for Children and Adults, Kagawa, Japan
  15. 15General Medical Department, Fukuoka Children’s Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
  16. 16Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Okinawa Prefectural Nanbu Medical Center & Children’s Medical Center, Okinawa, Japan
  17. 17Center for Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Miyagi, Japan
  18. 18Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
  19. 19Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
  20. 20Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Pediatric Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
  21. 21Department of Pediatric Surgery, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama, Japan
  22. 22Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
  23. 23Department of Pediatric General and Urogenital Surgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
  24. 24Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
  25. 25Department of Pediatrics, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
  26. 26Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
  27. 27Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagoya University Hospital, Aichi, Japan
  28. 28Department of Pediatrics, Fujita health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
  29. 29Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Osaka Hospital, Osaka, Japan
  30. 30Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
  31. 31Department of Pediatrics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
  32. 32Department of Pediatrics, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
  33. 33Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Subspecialties, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract

Objective: To assess the current surgical site infection prevention practices in neonatal surgery, especially focusing on the factors that determine the duration of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) and the differences between pediatric surgeons and neonatologists.

Study design: We performed a questionnaire survey, which targeted neonatologists, pediatric surgeons, and infectious disease specialists at pediatric hospitals or university hospitals in Japan.

Results: Responses were obtained from 32 hospitals. Some practices, such as criteria for discontinuing PAP, intraoperative re-administration of PAP, and preoperative decontamination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, were different between neonatologists and pediatric surgeons. Regarding criteria for discontinuing PAP, pediatric surgeons tended to select “fixed duration”, while neonatologists more often relied on “C-reactive protein levels.”

Conclusion: PAP discontinuation practices in neonatal surgery reflect distinct time-based and biomarker-guided decision-making approaches between pediatric surgeons and neonatologists, indicating the need for clearer evidence and consensus. More standardized, evidence-based approaches are required.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{sunouchi2026differences,
  title = {{Differences in practices for surgical site infection prevention in neonatal surgery between neonatologists and pediatric surgeons: a multicenter survey in Japan}},
  author = {Tomohiro Sunouchi and Jun Fujishiro and Toru Higuchi and Hiroki Sakurai and Akihiko Shimizu and Sho Ishii and Taizo Kusano and Yuho Horikoshi and Yoshiaki Shikama and Takemi Murai and Takayo Shoji and Kenta Ito and Masatoshi Nozaki and Shinsuke Mizuno and Takafumi Okada and Takayuki Hoshina and Yoshiaki Cho and Yoshie Sakurai and Hisao Okabe and Daisuke Tamura and Yuki Muta and Chizuka Seki and Ryu Yoneda and Naho Fujiwara and Masayoshi Shinjoh and Tomohiro Katsuta and Koo Nagasawa and Toshihiko Okumura and Hiroki Miura and Yoshiki Kusama and Kazumichi Fujioka and Yoshitomo Motomura and Yoshihiro Takahashi and Chikara Ogimi},
  journal = {Journal of Perinatology},
  year = {2026},
  month = jul,
  doi = {10.1038/s41372-026-02803-w},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-026-02803-w},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Differences in practices for surgical site infection prevention in neonatal surgery between neonatologists and pediatric surgeons: a multicenter survey in Japan
AU  - Tomohiro Sunouchi
AU  - Jun Fujishiro
AU  - Toru Higuchi
AU  - Hiroki Sakurai
AU  - Akihiko Shimizu
AU  - Sho Ishii
AU  - Taizo Kusano
AU  - Yuho Horikoshi
AU  - Yoshiaki Shikama
AU  - Takemi Murai
AU  - Takayo Shoji
AU  - Kenta Ito
AU  - Masatoshi Nozaki
AU  - Shinsuke Mizuno
AU  - Takafumi Okada
AU  - Takayuki Hoshina
AU  - Yoshiaki Cho
AU  - Yoshie Sakurai
AU  - Hisao Okabe
AU  - Daisuke Tamura
AU  - Yuki Muta
AU  - Chizuka Seki
AU  - Ryu Yoneda
AU  - Naho Fujiwara
AU  - Masayoshi Shinjoh
AU  - Tomohiro Katsuta
AU  - Koo Nagasawa
AU  - Toshihiko Okumura
AU  - Hiroki Miura
AU  - Yoshiki Kusama
AU  - Kazumichi Fujioka
AU  - Yoshitomo Motomura
AU  - Yoshihiro Takahashi
AU  - Chikara Ogimi
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/30
JO  - Journal of Perinatology
DO  - 10.1038/s41372-026-02803-w
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-026-02803-w
AB  - Objective: To assess the current surgical site infection prevention practices in neonatal surgery, especially focusing on the factors that determine the duration of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) and the differences between pediatric surgeons and neonatologists.  Study design: We performed a questionnaire survey, which targeted neonatologists, pediatric surgeons, and infectious disease specialists at pediatric hospitals or university hospitals in Japan.  Results: Responses were obtained from 32 hospitals. Some practices, such as criteria for discontinuing PAP, intraoperative re-administration of PAP, and preoperative decontamination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, were different between neonatologists and pediatric surgeons. Regarding criteria for discontinuing PAP, pediatric surgeons tended to select “fixed duration”, while neonatologists more often relied on “C-reactive protein levels.”  Conclusion: PAP discontinuation practices in neonatal surgery reflect distinct time-based and biomarker-guided decision-making approaches between pediatric surgeons and neonatologists, indicating the need for clearer evidence and consensus. More standardized, evidence-based approaches are required.
SN  - 0743-8346
SN  - 1476-5543
ER  -