Observation of symmetry breaking in time-varying scattering systems
Abstract
From the Higgs mechanism to magnetic ordering, spontaneous symmetry breaking organizes physics across scales. Whether an analogous transition governs waves scattered by periodically driven structures has remained an open experimental challenge. Here we demonstrate a universal symmetry-breaking transition in a periodically driven finite scattering system. By measuring the multispectral Floquet scattering matrix of a strongly modulated microwave resonator, we observe a transition from an unbroken symmetry regime with scattering eigenvalues of equal modulus to a broken symmetry regime where their moduli split apart, through an exceptional point. At parametric resonance, this transition culminates in coherent perfect absorption, where a tailored multispectral input state is completely absorbed without outgoing radiation, the singular limit of the underlying transition. Because it arises from the general algebraic structure of the Floquet scattering matrix rather than from implementation-specific details, this transition should occur broadly in such systems. Unlike instability phenomena in bulk driven media, it emerges in the eigenstructure of a finite scattering operator that couples waves across multiple frequency channels. Our results establish Floquet scattering as an experimentally accessible platform for the observation of symmetry breaking and for dynamic wave control in driven photonic systems.
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BibTeX
@misc{verde2026observation,
title = {{Observation of symmetry breaking in time-varying scattering systems}},
author = {Miguel Verde and David Globosits and Thomas F. Allard and Calvin M. Hooper and Simon A. R. Horsley and Stefan Rotter and Paloma A. Huidobro and Ian R. Hooper},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.29254},
eprint = {2609.29254},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.29254},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Observation of symmetry breaking in time-varying scattering systems
AU - Miguel Verde
AU - David Globosits
AU - Thomas F. Allard
AU - Calvin M. Hooper
AU - Simon A. R. Horsley
AU - Stefan Rotter
AU - Paloma A. Huidobro
AU - Ian R. Hooper
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/24
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.29254
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.29254
AB - From the Higgs mechanism to magnetic ordering, spontaneous symmetry breaking organizes physics across scales. Whether an analogous transition governs waves scattered by periodically driven structures has remained an open experimental challenge. Here we demonstrate a universal symmetry-breaking transition in a periodically driven finite scattering system. By measuring the multispectral Floquet scattering matrix of a strongly modulated microwave resonator, we observe a transition from an unbroken symmetry regime with scattering eigenvalues of equal modulus to a broken symmetry regime where their moduli split apart, through an exceptional point. At parametric resonance, this transition culminates in coherent perfect absorption, where a tailored multispectral input state is completely absorbed without outgoing radiation, the singular limit of the underlying transition. Because it arises from the general algebraic structure of the Floquet scattering matrix rather than from implementation-specific details, this transition should occur broadly in such systems. Unlike instability phenomena in bulk driven media, it emerges in the eigenstructure of a finite scattering operator that couples waves across multiple frequency channels. Our results establish Floquet scattering as an experimentally accessible platform for the observation of symmetry breaking and for dynamic wave control in driven photonic systems.
ER -