Achieving ultrahigh-temperature superfluidity in atomic Fermi gases by suppressing pairing fluctuations
Abstract
Achieving room-temperature superconductivity has been a long-sought goal of both the physics community and the industry. The superfluid transition temperature Tc of a Fermi system initially increases with increasing pairing strength between fermions following the mean-field prediction of the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory, and is then suppressed by pairing fluctuations as the strength increases further, which prevents Tc from becoming high. Here we propose a mechanism for suppressing pairing fluctuations using the synergy between population imbalance and momentum space confinement in lattice systems, enabling an ultrahigh Tc at moderately strong attraction. We show that in a three-dimensional optical lattice, strong Pauli exclusion between paired and excess majority fermions pushes up the pair excitation energy and suppresses finite-momentum pairing fluctuations. The mechanism is general to any lattice with a finite Brillouin zone; the optimal imbalance is modest (p≲ 0.1), keeping the Zeeman field small and avoiding orbital complications. The gapped pair dispersion at moderate imbalance exponentially suppresses thermal condensate depletion, providing a testable signature. The gapped dispersion, enhanced condensate fraction, and pseudogap reduction are all accessible in present-day experiments. This work opens new avenues toward room-temperature superconductivity.
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BibTeX
@misc{sun2026achieving,
title = {{Achieving ultrahigh-temperature superfluidity in atomic Fermi gases by suppressing pairing fluctuations}},
author = {Lin Sun and Qijin Chen},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.26997},
eprint = {2610.26997},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.26997},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Achieving ultrahigh-temperature superfluidity in atomic Fermi gases by suppressing pairing fluctuations
AU - Lin Sun
AU - Qijin Chen
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/19
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.26997
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.26997
AB - Achieving room-temperature superconductivity has been a long-sought goal of both the physics community and the industry. The superfluid transition temperature T_c of a Fermi system initially increases with increasing pairing strength between fermions following the mean-field prediction of the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory, and is then suppressed by pairing fluctuations as the strength increases further, which prevents T_c from becoming high. Here we propose a mechanism for suppressing pairing fluctuations using the synergy between population imbalance and momentum space confinement in lattice systems, enabling an ultrahigh T_c at moderately strong attraction. We show that in a three-dimensional optical lattice, strong Pauli exclusion between paired and excess majority fermions pushes up the pair excitation energy and suppresses finite-momentum pairing fluctuations. The mechanism is general to any lattice with a finite Brillouin zone; the optimal imbalance is modest (p≲ 0.1), keeping the Zeeman field small and avoiding orbital complications. The gapped pair dispersion at moderate imbalance exponentially suppresses thermal condensate depletion, providing a testable signature. The gapped dispersion, enhanced condensate fraction, and pseudogap reduction are all accessible in present-day experiments. This work opens new avenues toward room-temperature superconductivity.
ER -