Self-Care Practices Among Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Urban and Rural Areas of Bhubaneswar, India.
- 1Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences (IMS) and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, IND.
- 2Community Medicine, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, IND.
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a rapidly growing public health problem, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Effective self-care practices are essential for optimal glycemic control and prevention of complications. Urbanization has introduced lifestyle and health system-related challenges that may differentially influence diabetes self-care behaviors. The objective of the study is to assess self-care practices among adults with T2DM in Bhubaneswar and to compare these practices between urban and rural populations. A community-based study was conducted from December 2020 to September 2022 among 465 adults with T2DM using multistage cluster sampling. The study design was cross-sectional. Self-care practices were assessed using the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, and crude odds ratio were reported. Poor dietary habits (p = 0.035) and exercise behaviors (p = 0.018) were significantly more prevalent among urban participants, while rural participants demonstrated better blood glucose monitoring (p = 0.001). Residence showed a significant association with multiple dimensions of self-care. Women had significantly less smoking habit (p = 0.005). Poor dietary habits (p = 0.001) were significantly more prevalent among participants with uncontrolled blood sugar, whereas poor exercise, although more prevalent, was not statistically significant (p = 0.080) in the same group. Urban residents exhibited poorer lifestyle-related self-care behaviors despite better healthcare access, highlighting the need for targeted urban diabetes interventions. Poor dietary and exercise habits are common lapses in self-care behavior and should be more emphasized.
Related
- Psychosocial Factors Associated with Diabetes Distress Among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Roles of Perceived Social Support and Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy in an Indonesian Outpatient Sample.
- Oral Health Care Behaviors and Periodontal Disease Among Older Adults with Diabetes Mellitus in Northern Thailand.
- Prevalence and associated factors of delayed diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus among adults attending a comprehensive specialized hospital in Central Ethiopia: A facility-based cross-sectional study
- Efficacy, safety, and feasibility of youth-derived fecal microbiota transplantation among adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A protocol of Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
- Time to diabetic retinopathy and its prognostic factors among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Johor, Malaysia from 2015 to 2019: a retrospective cohort study using surveillance data.
BibTeX
@article{madhusikta2026selfcare,
title = {{Self-Care Practices Among Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Urban and Rural Areas of Bhubaneswar, India.}},
author = {Smriti Madhusikta and Smrutiranjan Nayak and Alpana Mishra},
journal = {Cureus},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.7759/cureus.117580},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42997868},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Self-Care Practices Among Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Urban and Rural Areas of Bhubaneswar, India.
AU - Smriti Madhusikta
AU - Smrutiranjan Nayak
AU - Alpana Mishra
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/07
JO - Cureus
DO - 10.7759/cureus.117580
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42997868
AB - Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a rapidly growing public health problem, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Effective self-care practices are essential for optimal glycemic control and prevention of complications. Urbanization has introduced lifestyle and health system-related challenges that may differentially influence diabetes self-care behaviors. The objective of the study is to assess self-care practices among adults with T2DM in Bhubaneswar and to compare these practices between urban and rural populations. A community-based study was conducted from December 2020 to September 2022 among 465 adults with T2DM using multistage cluster sampling. The study design was cross-sectional. Self-care practices were assessed using the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, and crude odds ratio were reported. Poor dietary habits (p = 0.035) and exercise behaviors (p = 0.018) were significantly more prevalent among urban participants, while rural participants demonstrated better blood glucose monitoring (p = 0.001). Residence showed a significant association with multiple dimensions of self-care. Women had significantly less smoking habit (p = 0.005). Poor dietary habits (p = 0.001) were significantly more prevalent among participants with uncontrolled blood sugar, whereas poor exercise, although more prevalent, was not statistically significant (p = 0.080) in the same group. Urban residents exhibited poorer lifestyle-related self-care behaviors despite better healthcare access, highlighting the need for targeted urban diabetes interventions. Poor dietary and exercise habits are common lapses in self-care behavior and should be more emphasized.
SN - 2168-8184
ER -