Modulating the majority charge carrier type and performance of organic heterojunction ammonia sensors by increasing peripheral fluorination of the silicon phthalocyanine sublayer
Abstract
Silicon phthalocyanines (R2-SiPcs) are an emerging class of high-performance organic semiconductors which have recently found application in highly sensitive and selective bilayer organic heterojunction devices for ammonia (NH3) sensing. We report bilayer heterojunction devices based on axially-substituted bis(pentafluorophenoxy)silicon phthalocyanines of increasing peripheral fluorination ((F5PhO)2-FXSiPc) as a bottom layer and lutetium bis-phthalocyanine (LuPc2) and demonstrate how increased peripheral fluorination changes device operation from p-type to n-type in response to NH3. Sensors fabricated with (F5PhO)2-F16SiPc exhibits the smallest apparent energy barrier for interfacial charge transport by impedance spectroscopy due to better alignment of the semiconductor molecular orbitals with the semi-occupied molecular orbital of LuPc2. Bilayer heterojunction devices all demonstrated a LOD below 1 ppm with (F5PhO)2-SiPc/LuPc2 yielding an LOD of 308 ppb and a sensitivity of -0.72 %·ppm-1. Postdeposition thermal annealing of the (F5PhO)2-SiPc/LuPc2 device is shown to further enhance sensor performance with a two-fold increase in sensitivity to -1.15 %·ppm-1 and a LOD of 198 ppb.
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BibTeX
@article{king2026modulating,
title = {{Modulating the majority charge carrier type and performance of organic heterojunction ammonia sensors by increasing peripheral fluorination of the silicon phthalocyanine sublayer}},
author = {Benjamin King and Sujithkumar Ganesh Moorthy and Eric Lesniewska and Rita Meunier-Prest and Marcel Bouvet and Benoît H Lessard},
journal = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1016/j.snb.2024.135507},
url = {https://hal.science/hal-05843247v1},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Modulating the majority charge carrier type and performance of organic heterojunction ammonia sensors by increasing peripheral fluorination of the silicon phthalocyanine sublayer
AU - Benjamin King
AU - Sujithkumar Ganesh Moorthy
AU - Eric Lesniewska
AU - Rita Meunier-Prest
AU - Marcel Bouvet
AU - Benoît H Lessard
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/29
JO - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical
DO - 10.1016/j.snb.2024.135507
UR - https://hal.science/hal-05843247v1
AB - Silicon phthalocyanines (R2-SiPcs) are an emerging class of high-performance organic semiconductors which have recently found application in highly sensitive and selective bilayer organic heterojunction devices for ammonia (NH3) sensing. We report bilayer heterojunction devices based on axially-substituted bis(pentafluorophenoxy)silicon phthalocyanines of increasing peripheral fluorination ((F5PhO)2-FXSiPc) as a bottom layer and lutetium bis-phthalocyanine (LuPc2) and demonstrate how increased peripheral fluorination changes device operation from p-type to n-type in response to NH3. Sensors fabricated with (F5PhO)2-F16SiPc exhibits the smallest apparent energy barrier for interfacial charge transport by impedance spectroscopy due to better alignment of the semiconductor molecular orbitals with the semi-occupied molecular orbital of LuPc2. Bilayer heterojunction devices all demonstrated a LOD below 1 ppm with (F5PhO)2-SiPc/LuPc2 yielding an LOD of 308 ppb and a sensitivity of -0.72 %·ppm-1. Postdeposition thermal annealing of the (F5PhO)2-SiPc/LuPc2 device is shown to further enhance sensor performance with a two-fold increase in sensitivity to -1.15 %·ppm-1 and a LOD of 198 ppb.
SN - 0925-4005
SN - 1873-3077
ER -