Dengue virus 1 and 2: Epidemiology, host-virus interactions, clinical severity and integrated control strategies.
6 affiliations
- 1Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201308, India.
- 2Centre for Research Development, University of Cyberjaya, Persiaran Bestari, Cyber 11, Cyberjaya, Selangor, 63000, Malaysia.
- 3Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, 244001, India.
- 4College of Pharmacy, Dubai Medical University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
- 5RAK College of Pharmacy, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates.
- 6School of Engineering and IT, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Abstract
Dengue is a serious mosquito-borne viral disease caused by four antigenically distinct serotypes of the dengue virus, of which DENV-1 and DENV-2 have been found to play significant roles in outbreaks and severe disease across different geographical areas. This review discusses the epidemiology, host-virus interactions, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, severity, vaccination, and integrated control strategies of DENV-1 and DENV-2. The relevant literature was identified by searching major scientific databases using keywords related to DENV-1, DENV-2, dengue epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical severity, immune responses, vaccination, and vector control; studies were selected for relevance to the review's objectives. The evidence suggests that DENV-1 and DENV-2 share a number of major mechanisms in causing disease, including viral replication, innate immune modulation, endothelial dysfunction mediated by viral NS1, inflammatory response, and antibody-dependent enhancement, but that clinical outcomes are variable and may depend on viral genotype/lineage, prior dengue exposure, host immunity, age, geographical context, and study population. Furthermore, epidemiological and clinical studies have been unable to rank the severity of DENV-1 and DENV-2, as both serotypes have been reported to cause severe dengue across different settings and conditions. The available data thus suggest that the severity of dengue is multifactorial and not serotype-dependent. Ongoing comparative studies that integrate viral genetics, host immune responses, epidemiology, vaccines, and vector control are needed to enhance serotype-specific dengue prevention and clinical management.
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BibTeX
@article{priya2026dengue,
title = {{Dengue virus 1 and 2: Epidemiology, host-virus interactions, clinical severity and integrated control strategies.}},
author = {Shairy Priya and Rishabha Malviya and Phool Chandra and Sathvik Belagodu Sridhar and Javedh Shareef and Tarun Wadhwa and Daniel Arockiam},
journal = {Parasite epidemiology and control},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1016/j.parepi.2026.e00557},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42927058},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Dengue virus 1 and 2: Epidemiology, host-virus interactions, clinical severity and integrated control strategies.
AU - Shairy Priya
AU - Rishabha Malviya
AU - Phool Chandra
AU - Sathvik Belagodu Sridhar
AU - Javedh Shareef
AU - Tarun Wadhwa
AU - Daniel Arockiam
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/10
JO - Parasite epidemiology and control
DO - 10.1016/j.parepi.2026.e00557
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42927058
AB - Dengue is a serious mosquito-borne viral disease caused by four antigenically distinct serotypes of the dengue virus, of which DENV-1 and DENV-2 have been found to play significant roles in outbreaks and severe disease across different geographical areas. This review discusses the epidemiology, host-virus interactions, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, severity, vaccination, and integrated control strategies of DENV-1 and DENV-2. The relevant literature was identified by searching major scientific databases using keywords related to DENV-1, DENV-2, dengue epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical severity, immune responses, vaccination, and vector control; studies were selected for relevance to the review's objectives. The evidence suggests that DENV-1 and DENV-2 share a number of major mechanisms in causing disease, including viral replication, innate immune modulation, endothelial dysfunction mediated by viral NS1, inflammatory response, and antibody-dependent enhancement, but that clinical outcomes are variable and may depend on viral genotype/lineage, prior dengue exposure, host immunity, age, geographical context, and study population. Furthermore, epidemiological and clinical studies have been unable to rank the severity of DENV-1 and DENV-2, as both serotypes have been reported to cause severe dengue across different settings and conditions. The available data thus suggest that the severity of dengue is multifactorial and not serotype-dependent. Ongoing comparative studies that integrate viral genetics, host immune responses, epidemiology, vaccines, and vector control are needed to enhance serotype-specific dengue prevention and clinical management.
SN - 2405-6731
ER -