Ginsenoside Rg1 for ischemic heart disease injury: preclinical evidence and possible mechanisms
- 1Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341099, China; School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- 2School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
Abstract
Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, underscoring an urgent need for innovative therapeutic strategies. Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer , a cornerstone herb in traditional medicine with exceptional pharmacological value, is widely regarded as the ''King of Herbs''. Ginsenoside Rg1 (G-Rg1), one of the principal bioactive protopanaxatriol-type saponins isolated from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer , exhibits well-documented cardioprotective effects. However, a systematic and quantitative synthesis of its efficacy and mechanisms in preclinical IHD models is still lacking. Methods: In this study, we conducted a preclinical systematic review to evaluate the efficacy of G-Rg1 in animal models of IHD and to synthesize current evidence on its underlying mechanisms. A search of four major biomedical databases from inception to May 2026 identified nine eligible studies (236 animals). Methodological quality, rigorously assessed using the 9-item CAMARADES checklist, yielded scores of 4 to 6, indicating moderate overall quality. Data were pooled and analyzed using RevMan 5.3. Results: Meta-analysis showed that G-Rg1 administration reduced myocardial infarct size and decreased plasma levels of cardiac injury biomarkers (creatine kinase-MB [CK-MB] and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide [NT-proBNP]), and improved key functional parameters. One study reported that G-Rg1 attenuated the inducibility of ventricular tachyarrhythmias following ischemia-reperfusion injury. Mechanistically, the cardioprotective effects of G-Rg1 were consistently associated with anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and mitochondrial protection pathways. Conclusion: These preclinical findings support future translational research and provide a basis for subsequent clinical studies on G-Rg1 in IHD.
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BibTeX
@article{chen2026ginsenoside,
title = {{Ginsenoside Rg1 for ischemic heart disease injury: preclinical evidence and possible mechanisms}},
author = {Jiaxin Chen and Sanjian Hu and Yujie Zhang and Ziyou Liu and Yuting Huang},
journal = {Journal of Ginseng Research},
year = {2026},
month = aug,
doi = {10.1016/j.jgr.2026.101126},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2026.101126},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Ginsenoside Rg1 for ischemic heart disease injury: preclinical evidence and possible mechanisms
AU - Jiaxin Chen
AU - Sanjian Hu
AU - Yujie Zhang
AU - Ziyou Liu
AU - Yuting Huang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/08/17
JO - Journal of Ginseng Research
DO - 10.1016/j.jgr.2026.101126
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2026.101126
AB - Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, underscoring an urgent need for innovative therapeutic strategies. Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer , a cornerstone herb in traditional medicine with exceptional pharmacological value, is widely regarded as the ''King of Herbs''. Ginsenoside Rg1 (G-Rg1), one of the principal bioactive protopanaxatriol-type saponins isolated from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer , exhibits well-documented cardioprotective effects. However, a systematic and quantitative synthesis of its efficacy and mechanisms in preclinical IHD models is still lacking. Methods: In this study, we conducted a preclinical systematic review to evaluate the efficacy of G-Rg1 in animal models of IHD and to synthesize current evidence on its underlying mechanisms. A search of four major biomedical databases from inception to May 2026 identified nine eligible studies (236 animals). Methodological quality, rigorously assessed using the 9-item CAMARADES checklist, yielded scores of 4 to 6, indicating moderate overall quality. Data were pooled and analyzed using RevMan 5.3. Results: Meta-analysis showed that G-Rg1 administration reduced myocardial infarct size and decreased plasma levels of cardiac injury biomarkers (creatine kinase-MB [CK-MB] and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide [NT-proBNP]), and improved key functional parameters. One study reported that G-Rg1 attenuated the inducibility of ventricular tachyarrhythmias following ischemia-reperfusion injury. Mechanistically, the cardioprotective effects of G-Rg1 were consistently associated with anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and mitochondrial protection pathways. Conclusion: These preclinical findings support future translational research and provide a basis for subsequent clinical studies on G-Rg1 in IHD.
SN - 1226-8453
SN - 2093-4947
ER -