Disentangling evoked and induced activity from single-trial neurophysiological time series
- 1Aalto University, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering
Abstract
Evoked and induced responses are fundamental neurophysiological readouts in the development and assessment of treatments for disorders with impaired neural function. Distinguishing these responses is essential for interpreting single-trial variability, identifying the determinants of these responses, and enabling real-time probing of cortical responsiveness. However, because of dynamic overlap, separating evoked and induced activity remains unsolved at the single-trial level when instantaneous fluctuations of cortical responsiveness are of interest. We developed the Evoked-Ongoing/Induced Separator (EOIS), a framework for separating event-evoked, ongoing, and event-modulated induced activity from single-trial data. EOIS recovers evoked and ongoing/induced components by leveraging their distinct phase-consistency features in MEG and real-time EEG, enabling subject-agnostic single-trial time-series analysis and attribution of cortical response variability to specific components. By delivering component-resolved time series, EOIS enables biomarker refinement, pharmacodynamic readouts, and closed-loop neuromodulation, facilitating translational deployment across individuals and care settings.
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BibTeX
@misc{ahola2026disentangling,
title = {{Disentangling evoked and induced activity from single-trial neurophysiological time series}},
author = {O. Ahola and L. Haxel and U. Ziemann and R. Ilmoniemi and P. Lioumis},
howpublished = {bioRxiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.64898/2026.10.19.760024},
url = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.19.760024v1},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Disentangling evoked and induced activity from single-trial neurophysiological time series
AU - O. Ahola
AU - L. Haxel
AU - U. Ziemann
AU - R. Ilmoniemi
AU - P. Lioumis
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/19
PB - bioRxiv
DO - 10.64898/2026.10.19.760024
UR - https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.19.760024v1
AB - Evoked and induced responses are fundamental neurophysiological readouts in the development and assessment of treatments for disorders with impaired neural function. Distinguishing these responses is essential for interpreting single-trial variability, identifying the determinants of these responses, and enabling real-time probing of cortical responsiveness. However, because of dynamic overlap, separating evoked and induced activity remains unsolved at the single-trial level when instantaneous fluctuations of cortical responsiveness are of interest. We developed the Evoked-Ongoing/Induced Separator (EOIS), a framework for separating event-evoked, ongoing, and event-modulated induced activity from single-trial data. EOIS recovers evoked and ongoing/induced components by leveraging their distinct phase-consistency features in MEG and real-time EEG, enabling subject-agnostic single-trial time-series analysis and attribution of cortical response variability to specific components. By delivering component-resolved time series, EOIS enables biomarker refinement, pharmacodynamic readouts, and closed-loop neuromodulation, facilitating translational deployment across individuals and care settings.
ER -