Swedish matched cohort on the association between maternal polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome and next-generation cancer risk
Abstract
Background: Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS) is an endocrine and metabolic disorder associated with adverse perinatal and long-term health outcomes, yet its impact on cancer risk in children remains unclear.
Methods: We conducted a nationwide, register-based matched cohort study in Sweden, including children of primiparous women with (N = 22 955) and without PMOS (N = 103 613) born between 1973 and 2018. Children were followed from birth until cancer diagnosis, death, or December 2018. Conditional Cox proportional hazards models estimated the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) with 95% CI, incorporating time-varying effects when the proportional hazards assumption was violated.
Results: During follow-up, 666 children were diagnosed with cancer. Compared with children born to women without PMOS, overall cancer risk among children of women with PMOS differed by sex and over time. Among sons, higher hazards at 1 year were observed (aHR = 4.17; 95% CI = 2.51 to 6.93), decreasing by 10 years (aHR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.08 to 2.18). In daughters, hazard ratios did not indicate a change in overall cancer risk compared to reference. When both sexes were combined, risk of lymphatic and hematopoietic malignancies was higher (aHR = 2.43; 95% CI = 1.36 to 4.33). Competing risks of death did not materially alter the associations.
Conclusions: Overall cancer risk among children born to women with PMOS differed by sex and over time, with higher risks in sons during early life. These findings suggest that maternal PMOS may be associated with differential cancer susceptibility across the life course.
Related
- Maternal thyroid function and subsequent markers of insulin resistance in pregnant women with polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome
- Age-specific association between remnant cholesterol and insulin resistance in women with polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome
- Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome in adolescents.
- Real‐World Metabolic Improvements in Women With and Without Polyendocrine Metabolic Syndrome via a Multidisciplinary Telehealth Care Platform
- Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome: a new name to support better treatment.
BibTeX
@article{fornes2026swedish,
title = {{Swedish matched cohort on the association between maternal polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome and next-generation cancer risk}},
author = {Romina Fornes and Unnur Gudnadottir and Sheila Orwa and Michael Saerens and Elisabet Stener-Victorin and Nele Brusselaers},
journal = {JNCI Cancer Spectrum},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1093/jncics/pkag104},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/jncics/pkag104},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Swedish matched cohort on the association between maternal polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome and next-generation cancer risk
AU - Romina Fornes
AU - Unnur Gudnadottir
AU - Sheila Orwa
AU - Michael Saerens
AU - Elisabet Stener-Victorin
AU - Nele Brusselaers
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/05
JO - JNCI Cancer Spectrum
DO - 10.1093/jncics/pkag104
UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/jncics/pkag104
AB - Background: Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS) is an endocrine and metabolic disorder associated with adverse perinatal and long-term health outcomes, yet its impact on cancer risk in children remains unclear. Methods: We conducted a nationwide, register-based matched cohort study in Sweden, including children of primiparous women with (N = 22 955) and without PMOS (N = 103 613) born between 1973 and 2018. Children were followed from birth until cancer diagnosis, death, or December 2018. Conditional Cox proportional hazards models estimated the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) with 95% CI, incorporating time-varying effects when the proportional hazards assumption was violated. Results: During follow-up, 666 children were diagnosed with cancer. Compared with children born to women without PMOS, overall cancer risk among children of women with PMOS differed by sex and over time. Among sons, higher hazards at 1 year were observed (aHR = 4.17; 95% CI = 2.51 to 6.93), decreasing by 10 years (aHR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.08 to 2.18). In daughters, hazard ratios did not indicate a change in overall cancer risk compared to reference. When both sexes were combined, risk of lymphatic and hematopoietic malignancies was higher (aHR = 2.43; 95% CI = 1.36 to 4.33). Competing risks of death did not materially alter the associations. Conclusions: Overall cancer risk among children born to women with PMOS differed by sex and over time, with higher risks in sons during early life. These findings suggest that maternal PMOS may be associated with differential cancer susceptibility across the life course.
SN - 2515-5091
ER -