Experimental Measurement and Theoretical Analysis of Energy Relaxation Rates of an Interacting Two-Qubit System on a D-Wave Quantum Annealer
Abstract
In D-Wave quantum annealers, various properties of the ground state have been clarified, whereas the correspondence between theory and experiment for energy relaxation rates in multiqubit excited states remains insufficiently understood. Here, we measured the energy relaxation rates of the first excited states in single-qubit systems and interacting two-qubit systems using a D-Wave quantum annealer. We analyzed the measured relaxation rates using a Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad master equation with independent local σ z-type noise channels. The calculated relaxation rates reproduced the overall trends observed experimentally, supporting the model at a qualitative level. We then used the relaxation rates measured for the uncoupled single-qubit systems to calibrate the local relaxation parameters and predict the relaxation rates of the interacting two-qubit systems. The predicted rates remained within a factor of approximately four of the measured rates. These results show that the relaxation measurements on individual qubits can provide a practical estimate of relaxation in small interacting quantum systems and may help clarify relaxation mechanisms in programmable quantum annealers.
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BibTeX
@misc{amano2026experimental,
title = {{Experimental Measurement and Theoretical Analysis of Energy Relaxation Rates of an Interacting Two-Qubit System on a D-Wave Quantum Annealer}},
author = {Yusei Amano and Sorato Suzuki and Hiroki Kuji and Tetsuro Nikuni and Takashi Imoto and Yuichiro Matsuzaki},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.21598},
eprint = {2609.21598},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.21598},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Experimental Measurement and Theoretical Analysis of Energy Relaxation Rates of an Interacting Two-Qubit System on a D-Wave Quantum Annealer
AU - Yusei Amano
AU - Sorato Suzuki
AU - Hiroki Kuji
AU - Tetsuro Nikuni
AU - Takashi Imoto
AU - Yuichiro Matsuzaki
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/18
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.21598
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.21598
AB - In D-Wave quantum annealers, various properties of the ground state have been clarified, whereas the correspondence between theory and experiment for energy relaxation rates in multiqubit excited states remains insufficiently understood. Here, we measured the energy relaxation rates of the first excited states in single-qubit systems and interacting two-qubit systems using a D-Wave quantum annealer. We analyzed the measured relaxation rates using a Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad master equation with independent local σ^ z-type noise channels. The calculated relaxation rates reproduced the overall trends observed experimentally, supporting the model at a qualitative level. We then used the relaxation rates measured for the uncoupled single-qubit systems to calibrate the local relaxation parameters and predict the relaxation rates of the interacting two-qubit systems. The predicted rates remained within a factor of approximately four of the measured rates. These results show that the relaxation measurements on individual qubits can provide a practical estimate of relaxation in small interacting quantum systems and may help clarify relaxation mechanisms in programmable quantum annealers.
ER -