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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0International Journal of Molecular Sciences

CRISPR Technologies in Type 2 Diabetes: From Mechanistic Insights to Therapeutic Discovery

  • Shuangshuang Fan1,2,3
  • Ruipu Liang1,2,3
  • Teng Fei1,2,3
  1. 1Interdisciplinary Research Center for Brain-Computer Interface, Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
  2. 2National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
  3. 3Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Northeastern University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110819, China
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Abstract

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disorder driven by the interplay of genetic susceptibility, β-cell dysfunction, and insulin resistance. Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous T2D risk loci, translating these genetic findings into biological mechanisms and therapeutic strategies remains challenging. The emergence of CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats)-based technologies has provided powerful tools for precise genome manipulation and functional interrogation of disease-associated genes and genetic variations. This review summarizes the development of CRISPR technologies and highlights their applications in T2D research. We review the application of CRISPR technologies in T2D genetic factor analysis and high-throughput phenotypic screening, with a focus on three key areas: glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and pancreatic functionality. We further examine the role of CRISPR in therapeutics that target pancreatic β-cells via gene correction, stress protection, and epigenetic reprogramming. Finally, we briefly discuss the major challenges encountered in the applications of CRISPR technology, including delivery efficiency, off-target effects, safety concerns and ethical considerations.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{fan2026crispr,
  title = {{CRISPR Technologies in Type 2 Diabetes: From Mechanistic Insights to Therapeutic Discovery}},
  author = {Shuangshuang Fan and Ruipu Liang and Teng Fei},
  journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.3390/ijms27188360},
  url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/18/8360},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - CRISPR Technologies in Type 2 Diabetes: From Mechanistic Insights to Therapeutic Discovery
AU  - Shuangshuang Fan
AU  - Ruipu Liang
AU  - Teng Fei
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/19
JO  - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
DO  - 10.3390/ijms27188360
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/18/8360
AB  - Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disorder driven by the interplay of genetic susceptibility, β-cell dysfunction, and insulin resistance. Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous T2D risk loci, translating these genetic findings into biological mechanisms and therapeutic strategies remains challenging. The emergence of CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats)-based technologies has provided powerful tools for precise genome manipulation and functional interrogation of disease-associated genes and genetic variations. This review summarizes the development of CRISPR technologies and highlights their applications in T2D research. We review the application of CRISPR technologies in T2D genetic factor analysis and high-throughput phenotypic screening, with a focus on three key areas: glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and pancreatic functionality. We further examine the role of CRISPR in therapeutics that target pancreatic β-cells via gene correction, stress protection, and epigenetic reprogramming. Finally, we briefly discuss the major challenges encountered in the applications of CRISPR technology, including delivery efficiency, off-target effects, safety concerns and ethical considerations.
SN  - 1422-0067
ER  -