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PreprintCC BY 4.0arXiv

Probability measures for de Sitter JT gravity

  • Wilfried Buchmuller
  • Alexander Westphal
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Abstract

Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity with positive cosmological constant is a toy model to study the emergence of expanding de Sitter universes from a quantum state. Its density matrix is a superposition of double-trumpet amplitudes which are solutions of a Wheeler-DeWitt equation. We compare predictions of such mixed states for classical expanding universes with the corresponding predictions of no-boundary wavefunctions. Double-trumpet amplitudes consistent with holography, whose semiclassical limit matches the result from Schwarzian boundary fluctuations, lead to a flat probability distribution for the size of the universe, consistent with models of inflation. This is in contrast to the suppression of large universes predicted by no-boundary wave functions.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@misc{buchmuller2026probability,
  title = {{Probability measures for de Sitter JT gravity}},
  author = {Wilfried Buchmuller and Alexander Westphal},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.12174},
  eprint = {2610.12174},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.12174},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - Probability measures for de Sitter JT gravity
AU  - Wilfried Buchmuller
AU  - Alexander Westphal
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/17
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.12174
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.12174
AB  - Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity with positive cosmological constant is a toy model to study the emergence of expanding de Sitter universes from a quantum state. Its density matrix is a superposition of double-trumpet amplitudes which are solutions of a Wheeler-DeWitt equation. We compare predictions of such mixed states for classical expanding universes with the corresponding predictions of no-boundary wavefunctions. Double-trumpet amplitudes consistent with holography, whose semiclassical limit matches the result from Schwarzian boundary fluctuations, lead to a flat probability distribution for the size of the universe, consistent with models of inflation. This is in contrast to the suppression of large universes predicted by no-boundary wave functions.
ER  -