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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Biomolecules

The Potential Roles of Omega Fatty Acids, Inflammation and Pre-miR-29c in Diabetic Nephropathy

  • Destan Kalaçay1
  • Hüseyin Kayadibi2,3
  • Burcu Baba4
  • Cumhur Bilgi5
  • Ezgi Çoşkun Yenigün6
  • Şimal Köksal Cevher6
  • Özkan Alataş2
  • Evin Kocatürk2
  • Aysun Hacışevki7
7 affiliations
  1. 1Kars Vocational School, Kafkas University, Kars 36100, Türkiye
  2. 2Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Osmangazi University, Eskişehir 26480, Türkiye
  3. 3Center for Translational Medicine Research and Application, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir 26480, Türkiye
  4. 4Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Yüksek İhtisas University, Ankara 06520, Türkiye
  5. 5Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ufuk University, Ankara 06520, Türkiye
  6. 6Nephrology Clinic, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara 06800, Türkiye
  7. 7Sports Pharmacy Program, Department of Biochemistry and Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara 06330, Türkiye
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Abstract

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is associated with inflammatory dysregulation and altered lipid mediators. We investigated inflammatory markers, fatty acids, and plasma pre-miR-29c in controls and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients stratified by albuminuria severity. This cross-sectional study included 120 T2DM patients (albumin-to-creatinine ratio, ACR: <30, 30–300, and >300 mg/g; n = 40 each) and 40 controls. TNF-α, IL-6, and lipoxin A4 (LXA4) were measured by ELISA; EPA, DHA, AA, and DGLA by LC–MS/MS; and plasma pre-miR-29c by semi-quantitative endpoint RT-PCR. TNF-α was higher in all T2DM groups compared with controls. LXA4 was lower in the ACR <30 and >300 mg/g groups, while IL-6 showed no significant difference. Compared with controls, EPA was lower in both albuminuric groups, DHA was lower, and AA was higher in all T2DM groups, while DGLA remained unchanged. Plasma pre-miR-29c increased with albuminuria severity and correlated strongly with the ACR (ρ = 0.852; FDR-adjusted p < 0.001). In the final Firth model, log2-transformed pre-miR-29c was the only variable that remained statistically associated with DN (OR = 170.692, 95% CI: 22.319–23,827.669; p < 0.001); the wide confidence interval reflects near-complete separation. These exploratory findings suggest that pre-miR-29c may serve as a candidate marker of albuminuria severity, requiring confirmation by quantitative PCR with validated normalisation in longitudinal cohorts.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{kalacay2026potential,
  title = {{The Potential Roles of Omega Fatty Acids, Inflammation and Pre-miR-29c in Diabetic Nephropathy}},
  author = {Destan Kalaçay and Hüseyin Kayadibi and Burcu Baba and Cumhur Bilgi and Ezgi Çoşkun Yenigün and Şimal Köksal Cevher and Özkan Alataş and Evin Kocatürk and Aysun Hacışevki},
  journal = {Biomolecules},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3390/biom16111547},
  url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/16/11/1547},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Potential Roles of Omega Fatty Acids, Inflammation and Pre-miR-29c in Diabetic Nephropathy
AU  - Destan Kalaçay
AU  - Hüseyin Kayadibi
AU  - Burcu Baba
AU  - Cumhur Bilgi
AU  - Ezgi Çoşkun Yenigün
AU  - Şimal Köksal Cevher
AU  - Özkan Alataş
AU  - Evin Kocatürk
AU  - Aysun Hacışevki
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/23
JO  - Biomolecules
DO  - 10.3390/biom16111547
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/16/11/1547
AB  - Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is associated with inflammatory dysregulation and altered lipid mediators. We investigated inflammatory markers, fatty acids, and plasma pre-miR-29c in controls and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients stratified by albuminuria severity. This cross-sectional study included 120 T2DM patients (albumin-to-creatinine ratio, ACR: <30, 30–300, and >300 mg/g; n = 40 each) and 40 controls. TNF-α, IL-6, and lipoxin A4 (LXA4) were measured by ELISA; EPA, DHA, AA, and DGLA by LC–MS/MS; and plasma pre-miR-29c by semi-quantitative endpoint RT-PCR. TNF-α was higher in all T2DM groups compared with controls. LXA4 was lower in the ACR <30 and >300 mg/g groups, while IL-6 showed no significant difference. Compared with controls, EPA was lower in both albuminuric groups, DHA was lower, and AA was higher in all T2DM groups, while DGLA remained unchanged. Plasma pre-miR-29c increased with albuminuria severity and correlated strongly with the ACR (ρ = 0.852; FDR-adjusted p < 0.001). In the final Firth model, log2-transformed pre-miR-29c was the only variable that remained statistically associated with DN (OR = 170.692, 95% CI: 22.319–23,827.669; p < 0.001); the wide confidence interval reflects near-complete separation. These exploratory findings suggest that pre-miR-29c may serve as a candidate marker of albuminuria severity, requiring confirmation by quantitative PCR with validated normalisation in longitudinal cohorts.
SN  - 2218-273X
ER  -