Subensemble Acceptance Method 3.0: General Corrections to Cumulants from Exact Conservation Constraints

Abstract

We present the subensemble acceptance method 3.0 (SAM-3.0), which corrects cumulants of an observable measured in a subsystem of a large system for the effect of exact global conservation of multiple charges. The required input is the set of joint grand-canonical cumulants of the acceptance observable with the total event charges, from which the canonical cumulants follow algebraically via a closed recursion based on (multivariate) partial exponential Bell polynomials. The framework accommodates any number of observables, including non-conserved quantities such as net protons, and any number of simultaneously conserved charges, including the total energy, which yields the microcanonical ensemble. The mapping contains SAM-1.0 and SAM-2.0 as special cases and, unlike SAM-2.0, reproduces the exact binomial-acceptance limit. We also derive the leading finite-size corrections from the saddle-point expansion. We apply the method to update the hydrodynamics-based non-critical baseline (Hydro-EV) for net-proton cumulants at RHIC-BES energies, finding a refined baseline that agrees with direct canonical Monte Carlo sampling and stays close to the earlier SAM-2.0 result. We further validate the formalism against direct Monte Carlo sampling with exact simultaneous conservation of baryon number, electric charge, and strangeness, including hadronic-afterburner effects.

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BibTeX RIS

BibTeX

@misc{poberezhniuk2026subensemble,
  title = {{Subensemble Acceptance Method 3.0: General Corrections to Cumulants from Exact Conservation Constraints}},
  author = {Roman Poberezhniuk and Volodymyr A. Kuznietsov and Grégoire Pihan and Volodymyr Vovchenko},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2607.01783},
  eprint = {2607.01783},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.01783},
}

RIS

TY  - UNPB
TI  - Subensemble Acceptance Method 3.0: General Corrections to Cumulants from Exact Conservation Constraints
AU  - Roman Poberezhniuk
AU  - Volodymyr A. Kuznietsov
AU  - Grégoire Pihan
AU  - Volodymyr Vovchenko
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/11
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2607.01783
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.01783
AB  - We present the subensemble acceptance method 3.0 (SAM-3.0), which corrects cumulants of an observable measured in a subsystem of a large system for the effect of exact global conservation of multiple charges. The required input is the set of joint grand-canonical cumulants of the acceptance observable with the total event charges, from which the canonical cumulants follow algebraically via a closed recursion based on (multivariate) partial exponential Bell polynomials. The framework accommodates any number of observables, including non-conserved quantities such as net protons, and any number of simultaneously conserved charges, including the total energy, which yields the microcanonical ensemble. The mapping contains SAM-1.0 and SAM-2.0 as special cases and, unlike SAM-2.0, reproduces the exact binomial-acceptance limit. We also derive the leading finite-size corrections from the saddle-point expansion. We apply the method to update the hydrodynamics-based non-critical baseline (Hydro-EV) for net-proton cumulants at RHIC-BES energies, finding a refined baseline that agrees with direct canonical Monte Carlo sampling and stays close to the earlier SAM-2.0 result. We further validate the formalism against direct Monte Carlo sampling with exact simultaneous conservation of baryon number, electric charge, and strangeness, including hadronic-afterburner effects.
ER  -

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