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Peer-reviewedCC BYAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI

Nutritional Modulation of Metabolic-Endocrine Integration and Growth Performance in Tropical Dairy Heifers.

  • Andi Mushawwir1
  • Ujang Hidayat Tanuwiria1
  • Iin Susilawati1
  • Nyimas Popi Indriani1
  • Dwi Suharwanto1
  • Fida Prawita2
  • Rizal Lesmana2
  • Salwa Iffat Zahida Arif2
  1. 1Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Ir. Soekarno KM 21, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia.
  2. 2Centre for Breeding and Development of Artificial Insemination for Dairy Cattle (BPPIBTSP), Food Security and Livestock Agency of West Java, Bunikasih, Warungkondang, Cianjur 43261, West Java, Indonesia.
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Abstract

This study evaluated short-term haematological, metabolic, endocrine, and growth responses to calcium-protected oil and cornmeal in tropical dairy heifers. We allocated 128 heifers to four dietary treatments (32 heifers per treatment): R1, 60% roughage + 40% concentrate; R2, R1 with 4% Ca-oil; R3, R1 with 4% cornmeal; and R4, R1 with 2% Ca-oil + 2% cornmeal. We assessed blood biomarkers at two monthly sampling points and analysed weekly growth longitudinally. We detected treatment differences in erythrocytes, haemoglobin, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW-CV, eosinophils, HDL cholesterol, total protein, and albumin (p < 0.05). We found no statistically detectable treatment effects for most leukocyte indices, energy metabolites, reproductive hormones, growth-related hormones, or cortisol. Body measurements increased over time (p < 0.001), and we detected a treatment × week interaction only for body length (p = 0.014). The combined diet was associated with the highest values for several erythrocyte and protein variables, but the design does not distinguish synergy from additive or dose effects. These results should therefore be interpreted as short-term associations requiring confirmation through fully specified repeated-measures analyses and longer-term functional outcomes.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{mushawwir2026nutritional,
  title = {{Nutritional Modulation of Metabolic-Endocrine Integration and Growth Performance in Tropical Dairy Heifers.}},
  author = {Andi Mushawwir and Ujang Hidayat Tanuwiria and Iin Susilawati and Nyimas Popi Indriani and Dwi Suharwanto and Fida Prawita and Rizal Lesmana and Salwa Iffat Zahida Arif},
  journal = {Animals : an open access journal from MDPI},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.3390/ani16193053},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42883022},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nutritional Modulation of Metabolic-Endocrine Integration and Growth Performance in Tropical Dairy Heifers.
AU  - Andi Mushawwir
AU  - Ujang Hidayat Tanuwiria
AU  - Iin Susilawati
AU  - Nyimas Popi Indriani
AU  - Dwi Suharwanto
AU  - Fida Prawita
AU  - Rizal Lesmana
AU  - Salwa Iffat Zahida Arif
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/28
JO  - Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
DO  - 10.3390/ani16193053
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42883022
AB  - This study evaluated short-term haematological, metabolic, endocrine, and growth responses to calcium-protected oil and cornmeal in tropical dairy heifers. We allocated 128 heifers to four dietary treatments (32 heifers per treatment): R1, 60% roughage + 40% concentrate; R2, R1 with 4% Ca-oil; R3, R1 with 4% cornmeal; and R4, R1 with 2% Ca-oil + 2% cornmeal. We assessed blood biomarkers at two monthly sampling points and analysed weekly growth longitudinally. We detected treatment differences in erythrocytes, haemoglobin, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW-CV, eosinophils, HDL cholesterol, total protein, and albumin (p < 0.05). We found no statistically detectable treatment effects for most leukocyte indices, energy metabolites, reproductive hormones, growth-related hormones, or cortisol. Body measurements increased over time (p < 0.001), and we detected a treatment × week interaction only for body length (p = 0.014). The combined diet was associated with the highest values for several erythrocyte and protein variables, but the design does not distinguish synergy from additive or dose effects. These results should therefore be interpreted as short-term associations requiring confirmation through fully specified repeated-measures analyses and longer-term functional outcomes.
SN  - 2076-2615
ER  -