Sinus Floor Elevation Magnitude and Longitudinal Peri-Implant Marginal Bone Change over a Minimum Five-Year Follow-Up: A Retrospective Cohort Study
7 affiliations
- 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
- 2Department of Oro-Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- 3Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
- 4Faculty of Dental Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
- 5Department of Speciality Disciplines, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
- 6Department of Oro-Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 200349 Craiova, Romania
- 7Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The magnitude of maxillary sinus floor elevation may reflect site anatomy and surgical complexity, but its association with peri-implant marginal bone change remains unclear. This study evaluated whether elevation magnitude was associated with longitudinal peri-implant marginal bone-level change over a minimum 5-year follow-up, distinguishing immediate postoperative differences from subsequent change. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 248 patients with 528 posterior maxillary Dentium SuperLine bone-level implants placed concomitantly with sinus floor elevation. Paired cone-beam computed tomography measurements were available for 522 implants from 247 patients. Elevation magnitude was modeled per 1-mm increment. The primary analysis used a longitudinal mixed-effects model with the time × elevation interaction as the main inferential term. Secondary generalized estimating equation models evaluated baseline and minimum 5-year marginal bone levels after covariate adjustment. Results: Greater elevation magnitude was associated with a slightly higher immediate postoperative marginal bone level (B = 0.017 mm per 1-mm increase; 95% CI, 0.005–0.029; p = 0.006). The time × elevation interaction was small and not statistically significant (B = 0.004 mm; 95% CI, 0.000–0.008; p = 0.066). After adjustment for baseline marginal bone level and the available covariates, no association between elevation magnitude and marginal bone level at the minimum 5-year follow-up was detected (B = 0.000 mm; 95% CI, −0.004 to 0.005; p = 0.842). Re-expression on the longitudinal change scale yielded the same estimate, and sensitivity analyses of the secondary models produced similar results. Conclusions: Within this retrospective cohort and the clinical protocol used, sinus floor elevation magnitude between 1 and 6 mm was not statistically associated with differential marginal bone-level change over at least 5 years among surviving implants with paired radiographic assessments. This finding should not be interpreted as evidence of equivalence across elevation magnitudes.
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BibTeX
@article{cumpata2026sinus,
title = {{Sinus Floor Elevation Magnitude and Longitudinal Peri-Implant Marginal Bone Change over a Minimum Five-Year Follow-Up: A Retrospective Cohort Study}},
author = {Cristian Niky Cumpătă and Călin Rareș Roman and Mihaela Jana Țuculină and Ioana Smaranda Cumpătă and Alexandru Burcea and Cristina Maria Munteanu and Mădălina Anca Moldovan and Adrian Camen and Sebastian Petrescu and Paolo Di Francesco},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Medicine},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/jcm15208037},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/20/8037},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Sinus Floor Elevation Magnitude and Longitudinal Peri-Implant Marginal Bone Change over a Minimum Five-Year Follow-Up: A Retrospective Cohort Study
AU - Cristian Niky Cumpătă
AU - Călin Rareș Roman
AU - Mihaela Jana Țuculină
AU - Ioana Smaranda Cumpătă
AU - Alexandru Burcea
AU - Cristina Maria Munteanu
AU - Mădălina Anca Moldovan
AU - Adrian Camen
AU - Sebastian Petrescu
AU - Paolo Di Francesco
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/01
JO - Journal of Clinical Medicine
DO - 10.3390/jcm15208037
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/20/8037
AB - Background/Objectives: The magnitude of maxillary sinus floor elevation may reflect site anatomy and surgical complexity, but its association with peri-implant marginal bone change remains unclear. This study evaluated whether elevation magnitude was associated with longitudinal peri-implant marginal bone-level change over a minimum 5-year follow-up, distinguishing immediate postoperative differences from subsequent change. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 248 patients with 528 posterior maxillary Dentium SuperLine bone-level implants placed concomitantly with sinus floor elevation. Paired cone-beam computed tomography measurements were available for 522 implants from 247 patients. Elevation magnitude was modeled per 1-mm increment. The primary analysis used a longitudinal mixed-effects model with the time × elevation interaction as the main inferential term. Secondary generalized estimating equation models evaluated baseline and minimum 5-year marginal bone levels after covariate adjustment. Results: Greater elevation magnitude was associated with a slightly higher immediate postoperative marginal bone level (B = 0.017 mm per 1-mm increase; 95% CI, 0.005–0.029; p = 0.006). The time × elevation interaction was small and not statistically significant (B = 0.004 mm; 95% CI, 0.000–0.008; p = 0.066). After adjustment for baseline marginal bone level and the available covariates, no association between elevation magnitude and marginal bone level at the minimum 5-year follow-up was detected (B = 0.000 mm; 95% CI, −0.004 to 0.005; p = 0.842). Re-expression on the longitudinal change scale yielded the same estimate, and sensitivity analyses of the secondary models produced similar results. Conclusions: Within this retrospective cohort and the clinical protocol used, sinus floor elevation magnitude between 1 and 6 mm was not statistically associated with differential marginal bone-level change over at least 5 years among surviving implants with paired radiographic assessments. This finding should not be interpreted as evidence of equivalence across elevation magnitudes.
SN - 2077-0383
ER -