A Unified Geometric Framework for Understanding Collider Event Manifolds
Abstract
By defining notions of similarity between collider events, metrics give rise to event manifolds with nontrivial geometric structure. Understanding these structures and their relation to the underlying physics remains largely unexplored, partly due to the challenge of systematically comparing spaces endowed with distinct metrics. We introduce the multi-reference relative representation (M3R) framework, which provides a unified coordinate system for analyzing different spaces on equal footing. Applying M3R to three physically motivated event metrics---the phase space, spectral 2-Wasserstein, and energy-flow 2-Wasserstein metrics---we study individual event manifolds and the decision boundaries separating different physical processes. We find that these metrics resolve distinct yet partially shared structures, while intra- and inter-manifold geometries exhibit qualitatively different properties. Combining multiple metrics further reveals complementary information that can be exploited within a unified representation. More broadly, M3R provides a general language for comparing and composing different notions of event similarity, opening a path toward a systematic geometric description of collider event space.
Related
- A unified geometric design framework for kirigami structures
- Geometric algebra as the input language of collider foundation models
- Unified Dynamics of Black-Hole Interiors: From Geometric to Scalar-Kinetic Dominance
- Solving wave propagation problems via geometric quantum state preparation on dispersion manifolds
- A unified self-supervised framework for single-frame Fresnel CDI and overlapped ptychography
BibTeX
@misc{cai2026unified,
title = {{A Unified Geometric Framework for Understanding Collider Event Manifolds}},
author = {Tianji Cai and Hancheng Li},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.09320},
eprint = {2610.09320},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.09320},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - A Unified Geometric Framework for Understanding Collider Event Manifolds
AU - Tianji Cai
AU - Hancheng Li
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/07
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.09320
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.09320
AB - By defining notions of similarity between collider events, metrics give rise to event manifolds with nontrivial geometric structure. Understanding these structures and their relation to the underlying physics remains largely unexplored, partly due to the challenge of systematically comparing spaces endowed with distinct metrics. We introduce the multi-reference relative representation (M3R) framework, which provides a unified coordinate system for analyzing different spaces on equal footing. Applying M3R to three physically motivated event metrics---the phase space, spectral 2-Wasserstein, and energy-flow 2-Wasserstein metrics---we study individual event manifolds and the decision boundaries separating different physical processes. We find that these metrics resolve distinct yet partially shared structures, while intra- and inter-manifold geometries exhibit qualitatively different properties. Combining multiple metrics further reveals complementary information that can be exploited within a unified representation. More broadly, M3R provides a general language for comparing and composing different notions of event similarity, opening a path toward a systematic geometric description of collider event space.
ER -