EarthCARE reveals details on the role of rain in closed-to-open cell transitions
- 1European Space Research Institute (Frascati, Italy)
Abstract
The mesoscale organisation of marine stratocumulus clouds into closed and open cells strongly affects cloud albedo and thus their cooling effect on climate, yet the processes governing transitions between these regimes remain incompletely understood. The EarthCARE satellite provides collocated observations of cloud mesoscale structure from the Multi-Spectral Imager (MSI) together with vertically resolved cloud and precipitation measurements from the Atmospheric Lidar (ATLID) and Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR), enabling detailed characterization of stratocumulus cloud microphysics. We apply a convolutional neural network to MSI scenes to identify closed and open cells and relate these classifications to EarthCARE microphysical retrievals from the synergy of ATLID, CPR, and MSI. Open cells exhibit substantially lower droplet number concentrations ( N d ), greater variability in liquid water path (LWP) and droplet sizes ( r e ), and more frequent and heavier precipitation, although light drizzle is also common in closed cells. To investigate closed-to-open cell transitions, we combine EarthCARE overpasses with GOES/ABI geostationary imagery and ERA5-driven trajectories to track cloud scenes and determine transition timing. This combined approach allows us to reconstruct the temporal evolution of cloud properties around transitions. We find that LWP and rain amounts increase in closed cells up to 25 h before transitions, followed by decreasing N d and increasing r e , while cloud vertical structure remains largely unchanged. These findings support a precipitation-linked transition pathway, potentially triggered by enhanced boundary-layer moisture and amplified by aerosol scavenging–rain feedback. This new observational evidence advances our understanding of stratocumulus breakup with implications for the cooling effect of these clouds.
Versions
Related
- Airborne Validation of Cloud Spatial Properties from the ATLID Instrument on EarthCARE
- Satellite–Ground Intercomparison between EarthCARE/ATLID and the China Aerosol Raman Lidar Network (CARLNET): Part I. Case Studies
- Persistent EarthCARE underflight studies of the ITCZ and organized convection (PERCUSION): contribution to EarthCARE validation
- A preliminary analysis of tropical anvil-cloud dynamics in EarthCARE
- EarthCARE Observations of Vertical Motion and Cloud Microphysical Structure in Tropical Cyclones
BibTeX
@article{mayer2026earthcare,
title = {{EarthCARE reveals details on the role of rain in closed-to-open cell transitions}},
author = {Johanna Mayer and Daniele Gasbarra and Robin J. Hogan and Edward Malina and Shannon L. Mason and Blanka Piskala Gvozdikova},
journal = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.5194/acp-26-14085-2026},
url = {https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/26/14085/2026/},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - EarthCARE reveals details on the role of rain in closed-to-open cell transitions
AU - Johanna Mayer
AU - Daniele Gasbarra
AU - Robin J. Hogan
AU - Edward Malina
AU - Shannon L. Mason
AU - Blanka Piskala Gvozdikova
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/08
JO - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
DO - 10.5194/acp-26-14085-2026
UR - https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/26/14085/2026/
AB - The mesoscale organisation of marine stratocumulus clouds into closed and open cells strongly affects cloud albedo and thus their cooling effect on climate, yet the processes governing transitions between these regimes remain incompletely understood. The EarthCARE satellite provides collocated observations of cloud mesoscale structure from the Multi-Spectral Imager (MSI) together with vertically resolved cloud and precipitation measurements from the Atmospheric Lidar (ATLID) and Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR), enabling detailed characterization of stratocumulus cloud microphysics. We apply a convolutional neural network to MSI scenes to identify closed and open cells and relate these classifications to EarthCARE microphysical retrievals from the synergy of ATLID, CPR, and MSI. Open cells exhibit substantially lower droplet number concentrations ( N d ), greater variability in liquid water path (LWP) and droplet sizes ( r e ), and more frequent and heavier precipitation, although light drizzle is also common in closed cells. To investigate closed-to-open cell transitions, we combine EarthCARE overpasses with GOES/ABI geostationary imagery and ERA5-driven trajectories to track cloud scenes and determine transition timing. This combined approach allows us to reconstruct the temporal evolution of cloud properties around transitions. We find that LWP and rain amounts increase in closed cells up to 25 h before transitions, followed by decreasing N d and increasing r e , while cloud vertical structure remains largely unchanged. These findings support a precipitation-linked transition pathway, potentially triggered by enhanced boundary-layer moisture and amplified by aerosol scavenging–rain feedback. This new observational evidence advances our understanding of stratocumulus breakup with implications for the cooling effect of these clouds.
SN - 1680-7324
ER -