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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Journal of Proteome Research

High-Throughput Targeted Paleoproteomics Sex Estimation on Medieval Great Moravian Individuals Using MALDI-CASI-FTICR Mass Spectrometry

  • Fabrice Bray1
  • Anežka Pilmann Kotěrová2
  • Lisa Garbé1
  • Marc Haegelin1
  • Benoît Bertrand3
  • Kevimy Agossa4
  • Christian Rolando1
  • Petr Velemínský5
  • Jaroslav Brůžek2
  • Marine Morvan6
6 affiliations
  1. 1Univ. Lille , CNRS, UAR 2638 - IMEC - Institut Michel Eugène Chevreul, LilleF-59000, France.
  2. 2Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, Prague 2128 00, Czech Republic.
  3. 3Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 7367 - UTML&A - Unité de Taphonomie Médico-Légale & d'Anatomie, LilleF-59000, France.
  4. 4Univ. Lille , CHU Lille, School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Lille59000, France.
  5. 5Department of Anthropology, National Museum, Václavské náměstí 1700/68, Prague 1110 00, Czech Republic.
  6. 6Vilnius University , Faculty of History, Department of Archaeology, Universiteto g. 7, VilniusLT-01513, Lithuania.
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Abstract

The estimation of the biological sex of archeological remains is crucial information in bioarcheology and forensic anthropology. In recent years, proteomics based on molecular sexual dimorphism has emerged as a preferred method, particularly because of its minimally invasive approach for extracting amelogenin X and Y proteins from tooth enamel. However, there is an increasing demand to accelerate this process and facilitate the analysis of large archeological assemblages. This study presents a novel high-throughput targeted paleoproteomics method for biological sex estimation using MALDI-CASI-FTICR mass spectrometry. This approach combines the strengths of existing methods, including ultrahigh resolution, significantly reduced processing times, targeted analysis, and scalability to large archeological sample sets. The method was initially validated on modern individuals with known sex and subsequently applied to 130 adult and juvenile individuals from medieval Great Moravia (present-day Czech Republic). Biological sex was successfully estimated for all but one of the individuals. The results not only provide a more efficient biological sex estimation but also help to resolve a few errors in sex assessment previously encountered with osteomorphological and tooth morphometric techniques. The implementation of this method significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of biological sex estimation, offering a powerful tool for anthropological research.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{bray2026highthroughput,
  title = {{High-Throughput Targeted Paleoproteomics Sex Estimation on Medieval Great Moravian Individuals Using MALDI-CASI-FTICR Mass Spectrometry}},
  author = {Fabrice Bray and Anežka Pilmann Kotěrová and Lisa Garbé and Marc Haegelin and Benoît Bertrand and Kevimy Agossa and Christian Rolando and Petr Velemínský and Jaroslav Brůžek and Marine Morvan},
  journal = {Journal of Proteome Research},
  year = {2026},
  month = aug,
  doi = {10.1021/acs.jproteome.6c00163},
  url = {https://hal.science/hal-05736443v1},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - High-Throughput Targeted Paleoproteomics Sex Estimation on Medieval Great Moravian Individuals Using MALDI-CASI-FTICR Mass Spectrometry
AU  - Fabrice Bray
AU  - Anežka Pilmann Kotěrová
AU  - Lisa Garbé
AU  - Marc Haegelin
AU  - Benoît Bertrand
AU  - Kevimy Agossa
AU  - Christian Rolando
AU  - Petr Velemínský
AU  - Jaroslav Brůžek
AU  - Marine Morvan
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/08/28
JO  - Journal of Proteome Research
DO  - 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6c00163
UR  - https://hal.science/hal-05736443v1
AB  - The estimation of the biological sex of archeological remains is crucial information in bioarcheology and forensic anthropology. In recent years, proteomics based on molecular sexual dimorphism has emerged as a preferred method, particularly because of its minimally invasive approach for extracting amelogenin X and Y proteins from tooth enamel. However, there is an increasing demand to accelerate this process and facilitate the analysis of large archeological assemblages. This study presents a novel high-throughput targeted paleoproteomics method for biological sex estimation using MALDI-CASI-FTICR mass spectrometry. This approach combines the strengths of existing methods, including ultrahigh resolution, significantly reduced processing times, targeted analysis, and scalability to large archeological sample sets. The method was initially validated on modern individuals with known sex and subsequently applied to 130 adult and juvenile individuals from medieval Great Moravia (present-day Czech Republic). Biological sex was successfully estimated for all but one of the individuals. The results not only provide a more efficient biological sex estimation but also help to resolve a few errors in sex assessment previously encountered with osteomorphological and tooth morphometric techniques. The implementation of this method significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of biological sex estimation, offering a powerful tool for anthropological research.
SN  - 1535-3893
SN  - 1535-3907
ER  -