Exploring calibration-free luminescence thermometry with Mn ⁴⁺ anti-Stokes/Stokes emission
- 1National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Optical Conversion Materials and Technology of National Development and Reform Commission, School of Materials and Energy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- 2Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584CC Utrecht, Netherlands.
Abstract
Mn 4+ -activated phosphors offer a unique possibility of calibration-free primary luminescence thermometry using the ratio of anti-Stokes to Stokes (AS/S) vibronic emission lines of the 2 E → 4 A 2 transition. Previous work used the AS/S emission of Mn 4+ for thermometry but always relying on fitting procedures with effective vibrational energies that deviate from actual energies. Here, we explore a strategy without prior temperature calibration using two well-known Mn 4+ -doped hosts, Mg 14 Ge 5 O 24 (MGO) and K 2 SiF 6 (KSF). In both Mn 4+ occupies octahedral sites, replacing Ge 4+ or Si 4+ , resulting in a weak zero-phonon line (ZPL) and strong vibronic Stokes and anti-Stokes lines. From the temperature-dependent emission spectra the AS/S ratios ν 6 ′/ν 6 , ν 4 ′/ν 4 , ν 3 ′/ν 3 were determined to serve as input for luminescence intensity ratio (LIR) analysis. For the well-resolved vibronic lines of Mn 4+ in KSF it is feasible to realize temperature readout without temperature calibration – a capability rarely achieved in luminescence thermometry. In contrast, for Mn 4+ in MGO vibronic lines exhibit significant overlap, complicating single-phonon-mode modeling. Even spectral deconvolution methods do not allow for reliable calibration-free temperature sensing. This work establishes a generalizable approach to optical thermometry relying on anti-Stokes/Stokes vibronic lines, offering a path towards calibration-free temperature sensing.
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BibTeX
@article{zhang2026exploring,
title = {{Exploring calibration-free luminescence thermometry with Mn ⁴⁺ anti-Stokes/Stokes emission}},
author = {Guitong Zhang and JiaPeng Wu and Yixuan Ma and Lizhi Cui and Zhijie Dong and Yuhua Wang and Andries Meijerink},
journal = {Science Advances},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aeh4432},
url = {https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aeh4432},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Exploring calibration-free luminescence thermometry with Mn ⁴⁺ anti-Stokes/Stokes emission
AU - Guitong Zhang
AU - JiaPeng Wu
AU - Yixuan Ma
AU - Lizhi Cui
AU - Zhijie Dong
AU - Yuhua Wang
AU - Andries Meijerink
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/16
JO - Science Advances
DO - 10.1126/sciadv.aeh4432
UR - https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aeh4432
AB - Mn 4+ -activated phosphors offer a unique possibility of calibration-free primary luminescence thermometry using the ratio of anti-Stokes to Stokes (AS/S) vibronic emission lines of the 2 E → 4 A 2 transition. Previous work used the AS/S emission of Mn 4+ for thermometry but always relying on fitting procedures with effective vibrational energies that deviate from actual energies. Here, we explore a strategy without prior temperature calibration using two well-known Mn 4+ -doped hosts, Mg 14 Ge 5 O 24 (MGO) and K 2 SiF 6 (KSF). In both Mn 4+ occupies octahedral sites, replacing Ge 4+ or Si 4+ , resulting in a weak zero-phonon line (ZPL) and strong vibronic Stokes and anti-Stokes lines. From the temperature-dependent emission spectra the AS/S ratios ν 6 ′/ν 6 , ν 4 ′/ν 4 , ν 3 ′/ν 3 were determined to serve as input for luminescence intensity ratio (LIR) analysis. For the well-resolved vibronic lines of Mn 4+ in KSF it is feasible to realize temperature readout without temperature calibration – a capability rarely achieved in luminescence thermometry. In contrast, for Mn 4+ in MGO vibronic lines exhibit significant overlap, complicating single-phonon-mode modeling. Even spectral deconvolution methods do not allow for reliable calibration-free temperature sensing. This work establishes a generalizable approach to optical thermometry relying on anti-Stokes/Stokes vibronic lines, offering a path towards calibration-free temperature sensing.
SN - 2375-2548
ER -