Therapeutic Administration of Malva parviflora Hydroalcoholic Extract Restores Cognitive Function Consistent with a Resilient Phenotype in Female 5XFAD.
- 1Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico.
- 2Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 70-253, Ciudad de México 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
Abstract
The remarkable increase in human life expectancy has been accompanied by a rising global incidence of neurodegenerative disorders, particularly Alzheimer's disease. This condition is characterized by progressive accumulation of soluble and insoluble amyloid-beta peptides, neuroinflammation, and synaptic dysfunction in the hippocampus, leading to impaired higher-order cognition. Epidemiological evidence indicates that women are disproportionately affected; however, female-specific pathology remains understudied. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of a hydroalcoholic extract of Malva parviflora in female 5XFAD mice following prolonged intragastric administration initiated after disease establishment. Long-term treatment shifted cognitive performance toward a phenotype comparable to wild-type littermates, an improvement associated with reduced soluble amyloid-beta levels in the hippocampus and peripheral circulation, and significant attenuation of reactive astrogliosis as evidenced by reduced hippocampal glial fibrillary acidic protein levels. Because reactive astrocytes impair synaptic activity and metabolic homeostasis during disease progression, we examined the direct effects of Malva parviflora on synaptic plasticity ex vivo. Incubation of hippocampal synaptosomes from adult female 5XFAD mice with the extract restored chemically induced long-term potentiation. These findings demonstrate that Malva parviflora attenuates key pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease and promotes cognitive recovery, supporting its potential as a plant-derived therapeutic candidate, particularly in females most affected by Alzheimer's disease. Future studies including both sexes under a therapeutic paradigm are needed to determine the generalizability of these findings.
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BibTeX
@article{rojassanchez2026therapeutic,
title = {{Therapeutic Administration of Malva parviflora Hydroalcoholic Extract Restores Cognitive Function Consistent with a Resilient Phenotype in Female 5XFAD.}},
author = {Itzel Rojas-Sánchez and Eladio Cortes-Flores and Nohemi Camacho-Concha and Jorge Luis Almazán and Leticia Ramírez-Lugo and Esther Crivelli-Galindo and Cristina E Ramirez-Serrano and Gustavo Pedraza-Alva and Leonor Pérez-Martínez},
journal = {International journal of molecular sciences},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.3390/ijms27198665},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42883911},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Therapeutic Administration of Malva parviflora Hydroalcoholic Extract Restores Cognitive Function Consistent with a Resilient Phenotype in Female 5XFAD.
AU - Itzel Rojas-Sánchez
AU - Eladio Cortes-Flores
AU - Nohemi Camacho-Concha
AU - Jorge Luis Almazán
AU - Leticia Ramírez-Lugo
AU - Esther Crivelli-Galindo
AU - Cristina E Ramirez-Serrano
AU - Gustavo Pedraza-Alva
AU - Leonor Pérez-Martínez
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/28
JO - International journal of molecular sciences
DO - 10.3390/ijms27198665
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42883911
AB - The remarkable increase in human life expectancy has been accompanied by a rising global incidence of neurodegenerative disorders, particularly Alzheimer's disease. This condition is characterized by progressive accumulation of soluble and insoluble amyloid-beta peptides, neuroinflammation, and synaptic dysfunction in the hippocampus, leading to impaired higher-order cognition. Epidemiological evidence indicates that women are disproportionately affected; however, female-specific pathology remains understudied. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of a hydroalcoholic extract of Malva parviflora in female 5XFAD mice following prolonged intragastric administration initiated after disease establishment. Long-term treatment shifted cognitive performance toward a phenotype comparable to wild-type littermates, an improvement associated with reduced soluble amyloid-beta levels in the hippocampus and peripheral circulation, and significant attenuation of reactive astrogliosis as evidenced by reduced hippocampal glial fibrillary acidic protein levels. Because reactive astrocytes impair synaptic activity and metabolic homeostasis during disease progression, we examined the direct effects of Malva parviflora on synaptic plasticity ex vivo. Incubation of hippocampal synaptosomes from adult female 5XFAD mice with the extract restored chemically induced long-term potentiation. These findings demonstrate that Malva parviflora attenuates key pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease and promotes cognitive recovery, supporting its potential as a plant-derived therapeutic candidate, particularly in females most affected by Alzheimer's disease. Future studies including both sexes under a therapeutic paradigm are needed to determine the generalizability of these findings.
SN - 1422-0067
ER -