Measurement-free Preparation of Surface-Code States with Digital-Analog Counterdiabatic Drivings
Abstract
Preparing stabilizer-code states with shallow circuits is an important primitive for near-term quantum error correction in superconducting circuits, where logical-state initialization requires four-body stabilizer correlations from native one- and two-body controls. We introduce a digital-analog method for the preparation of surface-code ground-state manifolds. The method exploits a structural property of the adiabatic gauge potential, mapping stabilizer-local counterdiabatic terms to digital-analog blocks on the superconducting layout using fixed-angle two-qubit XY gates, single-qubit rotations, and analog exchange-interaction evolutions. The dressed blocks generate higher-order operators used as the variational ansatz to determine the counterdiabatic terms within the Sels-Polkovnikov adiabatic-gauge-potential framework. We benchmark checkerboard plaquette-stabilizer grids up to 4 x 4; the square-grid instances correspond to rotated surface codes, while the rectangular cases probe the scaling of the method. For all grids, the proposed method generates the dominant four-body counterdiabatic basis and, at short evolution times, substantially improves ground-state preparation compared with bare adiabatic evolution. We further generalize the construction to n x m stabilizer lattices and show that digital-analog synthesis can reduce the entangling depth by an order of magnitude. Together, these results establish a direct connection between stabilizer geometry, the structure of the counterdiabatic gauge potential, and digital-analog control for measurement-free preparation of stabilizer-code states on near-term superconducting architectures.
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BibTeX
@misc{kumar2026measurementfree,
title = {{Measurement-free Preparation of Surface-Code States with Digital-Analog Counterdiabatic Drivings}},
author = {Shubham Kumar and Balaganchi A. Bhargava and Paolo A. Erdman and Anne-Maria Visuri and Jose D. Martın-Guerrero and Yolanda Vives-Gilabert and Enrique Solano and Narendra N. Hegade},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.06697},
eprint = {2610.06697},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.06697},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Measurement-free Preparation of Surface-Code States with Digital-Analog Counterdiabatic Drivings
AU - Shubham Kumar
AU - Balaganchi A. Bhargava
AU - Paolo A. Erdman
AU - Anne-Maria Visuri
AU - Jose D. Martın-Guerrero
AU - Yolanda Vives-Gilabert
AU - Enrique Solano
AU - Narendra N. Hegade
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/06
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.06697
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.06697
AB - Preparing stabilizer-code states with shallow circuits is an important primitive for near-term quantum error correction in superconducting circuits, where logical-state initialization requires four-body stabilizer correlations from native one- and two-body controls. We introduce a digital-analog method for the preparation of surface-code ground-state manifolds. The method exploits a structural property of the adiabatic gauge potential, mapping stabilizer-local counterdiabatic terms to digital-analog blocks on the superconducting layout using fixed-angle two-qubit XY gates, single-qubit rotations, and analog exchange-interaction evolutions. The dressed blocks generate higher-order operators used as the variational ansatz to determine the counterdiabatic terms within the Sels-Polkovnikov adiabatic-gauge-potential framework. We benchmark checkerboard plaquette-stabilizer grids up to 4 x 4; the square-grid instances correspond to rotated surface codes, while the rectangular cases probe the scaling of the method. For all grids, the proposed method generates the dominant four-body counterdiabatic basis and, at short evolution times, substantially improves ground-state preparation compared with bare adiabatic evolution. We further generalize the construction to n x m stabilizer lattices and show that digital-analog synthesis can reduce the entangling depth by an order of magnitude. Together, these results establish a direct connection between stabilizer geometry, the structure of the counterdiabatic gauge potential, and digital-analog control for measurement-free preparation of stabilizer-code states on near-term superconducting architectures.
ER -