Charged scalar portal dark matter with U(1)Y non-restoration and gravitational waves
Abstract
We explore the possibility of reviving scalar singlet dark matter (DM) with a minimal extension by a charged singlet scalar which also leads to hypercharge non-restoration in the early Universe. The minimal scalar singlet DM annihilating via the Higgs portal is tightly constrained by direct-detection experiments, leaving a desert between two narrow regions of the DM mass near the Higgs resonance and around a TeV. The addition of a charged scalar portal revives this desert region while keeping the one-loop direct-detection rate within reach of current and future experiments. A non-zero vacuum expectation value of the charged scalar at high temperature can also drive U(1)Y hypercharge symmetry non-restoration in the early Universe. In a subset of the parameter space, the charge-breaking minimum gets restored to the standard Higgs minimum via a strong first-order phase transition, making it a viable scenario for the generation of baryon asymmetry of the Universe via leptogenesis. A large part of the parameter space consistent with DM relic, direct-detection, symmetry non-restoration and other experimental bounds can be probed at upcoming GW detectors such as LISA, BBO and DECIGO.
Related
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- Self-interacting O(N) scalar dark matter multiplet in a Higgs-portal model with a light scalar mediator
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BibTeX
@misc{borah2026charged,
title = {{Charged scalar portal dark matter with $U(1)_Y$ non-restoration and gravitational waves}},
author = {Debasish Borah and Dhruv Ringe and Indrajit Saha},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.00522},
eprint = {2610.00522},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.00522},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Charged scalar portal dark matter with U(1)_Y non-restoration and gravitational waves
AU - Debasish Borah
AU - Dhruv Ringe
AU - Indrajit Saha
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/01
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.00522
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.00522
AB - We explore the possibility of reviving scalar singlet dark matter (DM) with a minimal extension by a charged singlet scalar which also leads to hypercharge non-restoration in the early Universe. The minimal scalar singlet DM annihilating via the Higgs portal is tightly constrained by direct-detection experiments, leaving a desert between two narrow regions of the DM mass near the Higgs resonance and around a TeV. The addition of a charged scalar portal revives this desert region while keeping the one-loop direct-detection rate within reach of current and future experiments. A non-zero vacuum expectation value of the charged scalar at high temperature can also drive U(1)_Y hypercharge symmetry non-restoration in the early Universe. In a subset of the parameter space, the charge-breaking minimum gets restored to the standard Higgs minimum via a strong first-order phase transition, making it a viable scenario for the generation of baryon asymmetry of the Universe via leptogenesis. A large part of the parameter space consistent with DM relic, direct-detection, symmetry non-restoration and other experimental bounds can be probed at upcoming GW detectors such as LISA, BBO and DECIGO.
ER -