Prognostic model integrating the blood urea nitrogen-to-serum albumin ratio and radiological features for poor functional outcome in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
- 1Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
- 2NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Diseases
- 3Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
Abstract
Background: The blood urea nitrogen-to-serum albumin ratio (BAR) is a novel composite biomarker. This study investigated whether BAR could reliably predict poor functional outcomes in patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST).
Methods: All patients with CVST enrolled in this observational study between January 2011 and December 2025 were identified. The study population was randomly divided into a derivation cohort comprising 70% of the patients and a validation cohort comprising the remaining 30%. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of poor functional outcomes. A prognostic nomogram was developed using data from the derivation cohort, and its predictive performance was assessed in the validation cohort.
Results: A total of 803 patients were included in this study. In the derivation cohort, coma, older age, intracerebral hemorrhage, straight sinus thrombosis, and higher BAR were independently associated with poor functional outcomes and were incorporated into the nomogram. Straight sinus thrombosis was independently associated with higher odds of poor functional outcome (odds ratio [OR], 4.525; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.267–9.031), whereas each one-unit increase in BAR was associated with an OR of 1.411 (95% CI, 1.226–1.625). In the derivation cohort, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.900, compared with 0.893 in the validation cohort.
Conclusion: Higher admission BAR was independently associated with poor functional outcomes in patients with CVST. The nomogram incorporating BAR and radiologically confirmed straight sinus thrombosis may facilitate early individualized risk stratification.
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BibTeX
@article{zhao2026prognostic,
title = {{Prognostic model integrating the blood urea nitrogen-to-serum albumin ratio and radiological features for poor functional outcome in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis}},
author = {Jiawei Zhao and Kai Liu and Shen Li and Hongbing Liu and Yuming Xu and Zongping Xia and Bo Song},
journal = {Frontiers in Neurology},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3389/fneur.2026.1953972},
url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2026.1953972/full},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Prognostic model integrating the blood urea nitrogen-to-serum albumin ratio and radiological features for poor functional outcome in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
AU - Jiawei Zhao
AU - Kai Liu
AU - Shen Li
AU - Hongbing Liu
AU - Yuming Xu
AU - Zongping Xia
AU - Bo Song
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/21
JO - Frontiers in Neurology
DO - 10.3389/fneur.2026.1953972
UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2026.1953972/full
AB - Background: The blood urea nitrogen-to-serum albumin ratio (BAR) is a novel composite biomarker. This study investigated whether BAR could reliably predict poor functional outcomes in patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). Methods: All patients with CVST enrolled in this observational study between January 2011 and December 2025 were identified. The study population was randomly divided into a derivation cohort comprising 70% of the patients and a validation cohort comprising the remaining 30%. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of poor functional outcomes. A prognostic nomogram was developed using data from the derivation cohort, and its predictive performance was assessed in the validation cohort. Results: A total of 803 patients were included in this study. In the derivation cohort, coma, older age, intracerebral hemorrhage, straight sinus thrombosis, and higher BAR were independently associated with poor functional outcomes and were incorporated into the nomogram. Straight sinus thrombosis was independently associated with higher odds of poor functional outcome (odds ratio [OR], 4.525; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.267–9.031), whereas each one-unit increase in BAR was associated with an OR of 1.411 (95% CI, 1.226–1.625). In the derivation cohort, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.900, compared with 0.893 in the validation cohort. Conclusion: Higher admission BAR was independently associated with poor functional outcomes in patients with CVST. The nomogram incorporating BAR and radiologically confirmed straight sinus thrombosis may facilitate early individualized risk stratification.
SN - 1664-2295
ER -