Imprints of the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition on net-baryon number fluctuations
Abstract
We investigate net-baryon number fluctuations in the high-density, low-temperature region of the QCD phase diagram using the parity-doublet model (PDM) under the mean-field approximation. We compute the fluctuation ratios up to sixth order around the nuclear liquid-gas (LG) phase transition, where the high-order ratios are particularly sensitive. To connect the results with heavy-ion experiments, we test several different scenarios of chemical freeze-out. We find that near the LG transition the extracted fluctuations depend strongly on the choice of freeze-out curve. We self-consistently determine four freeze-out points from preliminary results of the STAR Collaboration. Comparing the experimental data with the PDM results along these four points, we find that the model describes the low energy (√(sNN)≲ 4 GeV) data well. This suggests that nucleon interactions and the LG phase transition may contribute significantly to the fluctuations in low energy heavy-ion collisions.
Related
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BibTeX
@misc{recchi2026imprints,
title = {{Imprints of the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition on net-baryon number fluctuations}},
author = {Mattia Recchi and Shi Yin},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.17328},
eprint = {2609.17328},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.17328},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Imprints of the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition on net-baryon number fluctuations
AU - Mattia Recchi
AU - Shi Yin
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/24
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.17328
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.17328
AB - We investigate net-baryon number fluctuations in the high-density, low-temperature region of the QCD phase diagram using the parity-doublet model (PDM) under the mean-field approximation. We compute the fluctuation ratios up to sixth order around the nuclear liquid-gas (LG) phase transition, where the high-order ratios are particularly sensitive. To connect the results with heavy-ion experiments, we test several different scenarios of chemical freeze-out. We find that near the LG transition the extracted fluctuations depend strongly on the choice of freeze-out curve. We self-consistently determine four freeze-out points from preliminary results of the STAR Collaboration. Comparing the experimental data with the PDM results along these four points, we find that the model describes the low energy (√(s_NN)≲ 4 GeV) data well. This suggests that nucleon interactions and the LG phase transition may contribute significantly to the fluctuations in low energy heavy-ion collisions.
ER -