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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Frontiers in Plant Science

Genome-wide analysis of the GATA gene family in Castanea mollissima reveals key regulators involved in salt stress response

  • Xiangyu Wang1
  • Xili Liu2
  • Jun Liu3
  • Le Niu4
  • Huoqiang Quan2
  • Tong Zhang4
  • Qinuo Li5
  • Guoyun Zhang6
  • Liyang Yu2
6 affiliations
  1. 1The Office of Scientific Research, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
  2. 2Engineering Research Center of Chestnut Industry Technology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
  3. 3CHN Energy Qinghai Electric Power Co., Ltd., Xining, Qinghai, China
  4. 4PowerChina Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
  5. 5College of Electrical Engineering and New Energy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
  6. 6Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
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Abstract

The GATA gene family comprises important transcription factors (TFs) that affect plant ontogeny and abiotic/biotic stress tolerance. Castanea mollissima is a significant economic and food-producing tree species in the Northern Hemisphere, known for its strong wind resistance and soil stabilization capabilities. Nevertheless, existing studies have not explored the characteristics and functions of the GATA family in C. mollissima. The study identified 21 CmGATA genes from the N11–1 reference genome assembly of C. mollissima, which were dispersed among 12 chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis helped to categorize these genes into four distinct subfamilies, with genes belonging to the same subfamily exhibiting considerable similarities in terms of structural characteristics and conserved motif composition. Collinear analysis further revealed that the major driver of CmGATA gene family expansion was segmental duplication, followed by evolutionary pressure predominantly shaped by purifying selection. Phenotypic indicators, such as antioxidant enzyme activity, exhibited significant alterations, and transcriptomic analysis revealed increasingly more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) as salt stress treatment continued. Notably, transcriptome analysis demonstrated the expression patterns of CmGATA genes under salt stress, and combined with their correlation with phenotype indicators and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), effectively benefiting the exploration of the function of CmGATA genes in C. mollissima salt stress response. Additionally, validation experiments utilizing reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) demonstrated gene expression trends consistent with those obtained from RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses. This study theoretically assists in comprehending the evolution and function of the CmGATA genes under salt stress, offering potential applications in environmental conservation and saline–alkali land improvement. Enhancing salt tolerance in C. mollissima could support its cultivation in a wider range of regions, combining ecological benefits of soil and water conservation with economic value.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{wang2026genomewide,
  title = {{Genome-wide analysis of the GATA gene family in Castanea mollissima reveals key regulators involved in salt stress response}},
  author = {Xiangyu Wang and Xili Liu and Jun Liu and Le Niu and Huoqiang Quan and Tong Zhang and Qinuo Li and Guoyun Zhang and Liyang Yu},
  journal = {Frontiers in Plant Science},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3389/fpls.2026.1907055},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1907055},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Genome-wide analysis of the GATA gene family in Castanea mollissima reveals key regulators involved in salt stress response
AU  - Xiangyu Wang
AU  - Xili Liu
AU  - Jun Liu
AU  - Le Niu
AU  - Huoqiang Quan
AU  - Tong Zhang
AU  - Qinuo Li
AU  - Guoyun Zhang
AU  - Liyang Yu
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/12
JO  - Frontiers in Plant Science
DO  - 10.3389/fpls.2026.1907055
UR  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1907055
AB  - The GATA gene family comprises important transcription factors (TFs) that affect plant ontogeny and abiotic/biotic stress tolerance. Castanea mollissima is a significant economic and food-producing tree species in the Northern Hemisphere, known for its strong wind resistance and soil stabilization capabilities. Nevertheless, existing studies have not explored the characteristics and functions of the GATA family in C. mollissima. The study identified 21 CmGATA genes from the N11–1 reference genome assembly of C. mollissima, which were dispersed among 12 chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis helped to categorize these genes into four distinct subfamilies, with genes belonging to the same subfamily exhibiting considerable similarities in terms of structural characteristics and conserved motif composition. Collinear analysis further revealed that the major driver of CmGATA gene family expansion was segmental duplication, followed by evolutionary pressure predominantly shaped by purifying selection. Phenotypic indicators, such as antioxidant enzyme activity, exhibited significant alterations, and transcriptomic analysis revealed increasingly more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) as salt stress treatment continued. Notably, transcriptome analysis demonstrated the expression patterns of CmGATA genes under salt stress, and combined with their correlation with phenotype indicators and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), effectively benefiting the exploration of the function of CmGATA genes in C. mollissima salt stress response. Additionally, validation experiments utilizing reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) demonstrated gene expression trends consistent with those obtained from RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses. This study theoretically assists in comprehending the evolution and function of the CmGATA genes under salt stress, offering potential applications in environmental conservation and saline–alkali land improvement. Enhancing salt tolerance in C. mollissima could support its cultivation in a wider range of regions, combining ecological benefits of soil and water conservation with economic value.
SN  - 1664-462X
ER  -