Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism with non-invertible symmetry
Abstract
We formulate the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism in the framework of non-invertible symmetries obtained by ℤ2 gauging of ℤN or U(1). While the non-invertible selection rules can constrain the texture-zero structure of fermion mass matrices, they do not by themselves determine the magnitudes of the allowed couplings. Introducing a flavon field allows the fusion rules to fix the leading powers of the small parameter ε=⟨ S⟩/Λ, thereby determining both the texture zeros and the orders of magnitude of the nonzero entries up to 𝒪(1) coefficients. We have constructed explicit quark and lepton models and study their predictions for the fermion mass and mixing hierarchies through analytical estimates and numerical analysis. In particular, a benchmark model with nine texture zeros in the quark sector can well accommodate the quark masses and mixing parameters with non-Hermitian Yukawa matrices. Its lepton sector admits a minimal type-I seesaw realization with normal neutrino mass ordering and one massless neutrino. These results provide a common symmetry framework for fermion mass hierarchies and texture zeros.
Related
- Non-Invertible Froggatt-Nielsen Symmetry
- How natural are Froggatt-Nielsen Models?
- Probing the Geometry of Viable Froggatt-Nielsen-like Flavor Textures
- Lightest-mass suppression and weaker Majorana cancellation in Froggatt--Nielsen textures
- Symmetry-permuting entanglers for non-invertible symmetry-protected topological phases
BibTeX
@misc{ding2026froggattnielsen,
title = {{Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism with non-invertible symmetry}},
author = {Gui-Jun Ding and Stephen F. King and Bu-Yao Qu},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.26761},
eprint = {2610.26761},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.26761},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism with non-invertible symmetry
AU - Gui-Jun Ding
AU - Stephen F. King
AU - Bu-Yao Qu
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/19
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.26761
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.26761
AB - We formulate the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism in the framework of non-invertible symmetries obtained by ℤ_2 gauging of ℤ_N or U(1). While the non-invertible selection rules can constrain the texture-zero structure of fermion mass matrices, they do not by themselves determine the magnitudes of the allowed couplings. Introducing a flavon field allows the fusion rules to fix the leading powers of the small parameter ε=⟨ S⟩/Λ, thereby determining both the texture zeros and the orders of magnitude of the nonzero entries up to 𝒪(1) coefficients. We have constructed explicit quark and lepton models and study their predictions for the fermion mass and mixing hierarchies through analytical estimates and numerical analysis. In particular, a benchmark model with nine texture zeros in the quark sector can well accommodate the quark masses and mixing parameters with non-Hermitian Yukawa matrices. Its lepton sector admits a minimal type-I seesaw realization with normal neutrino mass ordering and one massless neutrino. These results provide a common symmetry framework for fermion mass hierarchies and texture zeros.
ER -