Minimal spontaneous baryogenesis from flavor
Abstract
In its minimal realization, the Froggatt-Nielsen (FN) mechanism addresses the Standard Model (SM) flavor puzzle via the spontaneous breaking of a horizontal U(1)H symmetry. If U(1)H is global and broken before the end of inflation, it gives rise to a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson (axion-like particle) with a homogeneous initial misalignment, whose subsequent coherent evolution sources spontaneous CPT violation in the SM sector. We show that in the presence of B−L-violating processes − parametrized here model-independently via the dimension-five Weinberg operator responsible for light neutrino masses − the minimal FN setup can generate the baryon asymmetry of the Universe (BAU), linking the origin of flavor directly to the BAU and neutrino masses. Solving a complete set of evolution equations for SM asymmetries, we demonstrate that this mechanism can readily yield a baryon asymmetry comparable to the observed value, or even exceeding it by several orders of magnitude. Accounting for baryonic isocurvature and entropy dilution from axion decays, we find that the observed BAU is successfully reproduced for axion oscillation temperatures above 1011 GeV and axion decay constants ranging from 1013⋯ 14 GeV to above 1017 GeV. Finally, while we focus on a global U(1)H symmetry and axion motion from standard misalignment, our framework is readily extendable to other global horizontal symmetries and arbitrary axion motion.
Related
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BibTeX
@misc{mojahed2026minimal,
title = {{Minimal spontaneous baryogenesis from flavor}},
author = {Martin A. Mojahed and Alfredo Stanzione},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.05605},
eprint = {2609.05605},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.05605},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Minimal spontaneous baryogenesis from flavor
AU - Martin A. Mojahed
AU - Alfredo Stanzione
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/04
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.05605
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.05605
AB - In its minimal realization, the Froggatt-Nielsen (FN) mechanism addresses the Standard Model (SM) flavor puzzle via the spontaneous breaking of a horizontal U(1)_H symmetry. If U(1)_H is global and broken before the end of inflation, it gives rise to a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson (axion-like particle) with a homogeneous initial misalignment, whose subsequent coherent evolution sources spontaneous CPT violation in the SM sector. We show that in the presence of B−L-violating processes − parametrized here model-independently via the dimension-five Weinberg operator responsible for light neutrino masses − the minimal FN setup can generate the baryon asymmetry of the Universe (BAU), linking the origin of flavor directly to the BAU and neutrino masses. Solving a complete set of evolution equations for SM asymmetries, we demonstrate that this mechanism can readily yield a baryon asymmetry comparable to the observed value, or even exceeding it by several orders of magnitude. Accounting for baryonic isocurvature and entropy dilution from axion decays, we find that the observed BAU is successfully reproduced for axion oscillation temperatures above 10^11 GeV and axion decay constants ranging from 10^13⋯ 14 GeV to above 10^17 GeV. Finally, while we focus on a global U(1)_H symmetry and axion motion from standard misalignment, our framework is readily extendable to other global horizontal symmetries and arbitrary axion motion.
ER -