Retrospective Analysis of the Management of Congenital Tracheal Stenosis in Patients Undergoing Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
5 affiliations
- 1Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India
- 2Department of Cardiac Surgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India
- 3Department of Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care, National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- 4Department of ENT, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India
- 5Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India
Abstract
Context:: Congenital airway or tracheal stenosis (CTS) during pediatric cardiac surgery (PCS) can modify the perioperative course.
Aim:: To find the effect of CTS on mortality and morbidity during PCS.
Settings and Design:: University hospital; Retrospective observational cohort study.
Material and Methods:: Database of PCS patients between January 2019 and April 2025 was analyzed for the incidence of CTS, and perioperative morbidity and mortality. Redo-surgeries were excluded for analyzing CTS incidence.
Statistical Analysis:: Continuous variables are described as median and interquartile range (IQR) of 25–75% and analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test. A P value of < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results:: A total of 4222 patients underwent PCS; 66 underwent redo-surgeries , and 9 (0.21%) had CTS. One neonate died during investigation. CTS was diagnosed preoperatively in two, intraoperatively in five, and postoperatively in one. Two patients who underwent PCS-only had a stormy perioperative course and required emergent tracheoplasty. In the PCS-only, 68 patients (1.9%) died; in PCS with CTS, two patients (25%) died (P < 0.01). Odds ratio for mortality with 95% CI in PCS with CTS was 16.8 (3.3–84.6). Median intensive care unit (ICU) stay with IQR in PCS patients was 72 h (44–144 h); whereas, it was 300 h (120–648 h) in PCS with CTS patients (P < 0.002). Median hospital stay with IQR in PCS patients was 10 days (8–14 days); whereas, it was 15 days (12–47 days) in PCS with CTS patients (P < 0.019).
Conclusion:: We found a significantly increased mortality of PCS in presence of CTS; it was also associated with increased ICU and hospital stays. PCS with CTS requires concomitant tracheoplasty; PCS alone is unsafe.
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BibTeX
@article{jayasankar2026retrospective,
title = {{Retrospective Analysis of the Management of Congenital Tracheal Stenosis in Patients Undergoing Pediatric Cardiac Surgery}},
author = {Jessin P. Jayasankar and Brijesh P. Kottayil and Praveen Reddy Bayya and Sreelakshmi P. Leeladharan and Abu Talha and Madhumita Kumar and Abish Sudhakar and Praveen K. Neema},
journal = {Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.4103/aca.aca_99_26},
url = {https://doi.org/10.4103/aca.aca_99_26},
note = {CC BY-NC-SA 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Retrospective Analysis of the Management of Congenital Tracheal Stenosis in Patients Undergoing Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
AU - Jessin P. Jayasankar
AU - Brijesh P. Kottayil
AU - Praveen Reddy Bayya
AU - Sreelakshmi P. Leeladharan
AU - Abu Talha
AU - Madhumita Kumar
AU - Abish Sudhakar
AU - Praveen K. Neema
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/12
JO - Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia
DO - 10.4103/aca.aca_99_26
UR - https://doi.org/10.4103/aca.aca_99_26
AB - Context:: Congenital airway or tracheal stenosis (CTS) during pediatric cardiac surgery (PCS) can modify the perioperative course. Aim:: To find the effect of CTS on mortality and morbidity during PCS. Settings and Design:: University hospital; Retrospective observational cohort study. Material and Methods:: Database of PCS patients between January 2019 and April 2025 was analyzed for the incidence of CTS, and perioperative morbidity and mortality. Redo-surgeries were excluded for analyzing CTS incidence. Statistical Analysis:: Continuous variables are described as median and interquartile range (IQR) of 25–75% and analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test. A P value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Results:: A total of 4222 patients underwent PCS; 66 underwent redo-surgeries , and 9 (0.21%) had CTS. One neonate died during investigation. CTS was diagnosed preoperatively in two, intraoperatively in five, and postoperatively in one. Two patients who underwent PCS-only had a stormy perioperative course and required emergent tracheoplasty. In the PCS-only, 68 patients (1.9%) died; in PCS with CTS, two patients (25%) died (P < 0.01). Odds ratio for mortality with 95% CI in PCS with CTS was 16.8 (3.3–84.6). Median intensive care unit (ICU) stay with IQR in PCS patients was 72 h (44–144 h); whereas, it was 300 h (120–648 h) in PCS with CTS patients (P < 0.002). Median hospital stay with IQR in PCS patients was 10 days (8–14 days); whereas, it was 15 days (12–47 days) in PCS with CTS patients (P < 0.019). Conclusion:: We found a significantly increased mortality of PCS in presence of CTS; it was also associated with increased ICU and hospital stays. PCS with CTS requires concomitant tracheoplasty; PCS alone is unsafe.
SN - 0971-9784
SN - 0974-5181
ER -