The low fasting serum C-peptide level was associated with reduced sural nerve action potential amplitudes: A cross-sectional study of Japanese type 2 diabetes.
- 1Department of Pharmacotherapy, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan.
- 2Internal Medicine, Higashikurume Ekimae Clinic, Higashikurume City, Tokyo, Japan.
Abstract
Aims/introduction
The association between the fasting serum C-peptide levels and diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) in patients with type 2 diabetes remains controversial. Furthermore, the association with the electrophysiological parameters of nerve conduction studies (NCS) has not been elucidated. Therefore, we investigated whether the fasting serum C-peptide levels are associated with nerve conduction velocity (CV) and action potential amplitude (Amp) in patients with type 2 diabetes.Materials and methods
This retrospective cross-sectional study enrolled outpatients with type 2 diabetes who underwent the DPNCheck® at the Higashikurume Ekimae Clinic in Tokyo, Japan, between March 1, 2016, and June 30, 2025. Participants were categorized into tertiles according to their fasting serum C-peptide levels. Abnormal values of CV and Amp were defined as CV <46.5 m/s and Amp <10.5 μV. A logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate whether the fasting serum C-peptide levels were associated with CV and Amp abnormalities.Results
One-hundred thirty-one participants were included and stratified into tertiles based on fasting serum C-peptide levels: Tertile 1, ≤1.9 ng/mL; Tertile 2, 2.0-2.8 ng/mL; and Tertile 3, ≥2.9 ng/mL. Tertile 1 was independently associated with an abnormal Amp (odds ratio: 5.08, 95% confidence interval: 1.41-18.4), whereas no independent association was observed with an abnormal CV. Tertile 2 was not associated with an abnormal CV or Amp. Additionally, a nonlinear relationship was observed between the fasting serum C-peptide levels and an abnormal Amp.Conclusions
Low fasting serum C-peptide levels were independently associated with abnormal Amp in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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BibTeX
@article{muramatsu2026fasting,
title = {{The low fasting serum C-peptide level was associated with reduced sural nerve action potential amplitudes: A cross-sectional study of Japanese type 2 diabetes.}},
author = {Taichi Muramatsu and Kaori Inoue-Yamamoto and Daisuke Yamamuro and Akifumi Kushiyama},
journal = {Journal of diabetes investigation},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1111/jdi.70482},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42952199},
note = {CC BY-NC},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - The low fasting serum C-peptide level was associated with reduced sural nerve action potential amplitudes: A cross-sectional study of Japanese type 2 diabetes.
AU - Taichi Muramatsu
AU - Kaori Inoue-Yamamoto
AU - Daisuke Yamamuro
AU - Akifumi Kushiyama
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/28
JO - Journal of diabetes investigation
DO - 10.1111/jdi.70482
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42952199
AB - Aims/introduction The association between the fasting serum C-peptide levels and diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) in patients with type 2 diabetes remains controversial. Furthermore, the association with the electrophysiological parameters of nerve conduction studies (NCS) has not been elucidated. Therefore, we investigated whether the fasting serum C-peptide levels are associated with nerve conduction velocity (CV) and action potential amplitude (Amp) in patients with type 2 diabetes.Materials and methods This retrospective cross-sectional study enrolled outpatients with type 2 diabetes who underwent the DPNCheck® at the Higashikurume Ekimae Clinic in Tokyo, Japan, between March 1, 2016, and June 30, 2025. Participants were categorized into tertiles according to their fasting serum C-peptide levels. Abnormal values of CV and Amp were defined as CV <46.5 m/s and Amp <10.5 μV. A logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate whether the fasting serum C-peptide levels were associated with CV and Amp abnormalities.Results One-hundred thirty-one participants were included and stratified into tertiles based on fasting serum C-peptide levels: Tertile 1, ≤1.9 ng/mL; Tertile 2, 2.0-2.8 ng/mL; and Tertile 3, ≥2.9 ng/mL. Tertile 1 was independently associated with an abnormal Amp (odds ratio: 5.08, 95% confidence interval: 1.41-18.4), whereas no independent association was observed with an abnormal CV. Tertile 2 was not associated with an abnormal CV or Amp. Additionally, a nonlinear relationship was observed between the fasting serum C-peptide levels and an abnormal Amp.Conclusions Low fasting serum C-peptide levels were independently associated with abnormal Amp in patients with type 2 diabetes.
SN - 2040-1116
SN - 2040-1124
ER -