Quantum Authenticated Key Expansion with Key Recycling
Abstract
Data privacy and authentication are two main security requirements for remote access and cloud services. While QKD has been explored to address data privacy concerns, oftentimes its use is separate from the client authentication protocol despite implicitly providing authentication. Here, we present a quantum authentication key expansion (QAKE) protocol that (1) integrates both authentication and key expansion within a single protocol, and (2) provides key recycling property – allowing all authentication keys to be reused. We analyse the security of the protocol in a QAKE framework adapted from a classical authentication key exchange (AKE) framework, providing separate security conditions for authentication and data privacy. We experimentally implemented the protocol with appropriate post-selection. Additional results on the security of pseudorandom basis generation in QAKE and decoy state BB84 are provided.
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BibTeX
@article{kon2026quantum,
title = {{Quantum Authenticated Key Expansion with Key Recycling}},
author = {Wen Yu Kon and Jefferson Chu and Kevin Han Yong Loh and Obada Alia and Omar Amer and Marco Pistoia and Kaushik Chakraborty and Charles Lim},
journal = {Quantum},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.22331/q-2026-10-28-2255},
url = {https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2026-10-28-2255/},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Quantum Authenticated Key Expansion with Key Recycling
AU - Wen Yu Kon
AU - Jefferson Chu
AU - Kevin Han Yong Loh
AU - Obada Alia
AU - Omar Amer
AU - Marco Pistoia
AU - Kaushik Chakraborty
AU - Charles Lim
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/28
JO - Quantum
DO - 10.22331/q-2026-10-28-2255
UR - https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2026-10-28-2255/
AB - Data privacy and authentication are two main security requirements for remote access and cloud services. While QKD has been explored to address data privacy concerns, oftentimes its use is separate from the client authentication protocol despite implicitly providing authentication. Here, we present a quantum authentication key expansion (QAKE) protocol that (1) integrates both authentication and key expansion within a single protocol, and (2) provides key recycling property – allowing all authentication keys to be reused. We analyse the security of the protocol in a QAKE framework adapted from a classical authentication key exchange (AKE) framework, providing separate security conditions for authentication and data privacy. We experimentally implemented the protocol with appropriate post-selection. Additional results on the security of pseudorandom basis generation in QAKE and decoy state BB84 are provided.
SN - 2521-327X
ER -