The role of histamine in narcolepsy type 1: a narrative review.
- 1School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
- 2Brain Disease Center, The Third Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
- 3Rehabilitation Department, Brain Disease Center, The Third Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
Abstract
Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is a chronic neurological disorder characterized mainly by impaired wakefulness maintenance and dysregulated rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, which markedly affects patients' daytime functioning and quality of life. The core pathological basis of NT1 is the selective loss of orexinergic neurons. The orexinergic system regulates histaminergic neurons in the tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN) through anatomical projections and functional excitation, while the histaminergic system contributes to cortical activation, arousal maintenance, and attention regulation. Therefore, the orexinergic and histaminergic systems can be regarded as interconnected and functionally complementary components of the arousal network. Previous studies have suggested alterations in histaminergic signaling in NT1, although the specific mechanisms underlying its role in NT1 remain incompletely understood. Current evidence suggests that histamine may play a modulatory role in NT1-associated phenotypes. This review summarizes the physiological functions of the histaminergic system in arousal regulation and discusses its interaction with the orexinergic system. It further analyzes the role of HA in NT1, its influence on clinical phenotypes, and related therapeutic strategies, with the aim of providing insights for mechanistic research and precision treatment of NT1.
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BibTeX
@article{liang2026role,
title = {{The role of histamine in narcolepsy type 1: a narrative review.}},
author = {Wei Liang and Xue Yan and Yanan Zhao and Dongnan Zhang and Yu Fu and Guifeng Sui and Weimin Zhang},
journal = {Frontiers in neurology},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3389/fneur.2026.1900892},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42903618},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - The role of histamine in narcolepsy type 1: a narrative review.
AU - Wei Liang
AU - Xue Yan
AU - Yanan Zhao
AU - Dongnan Zhang
AU - Yu Fu
AU - Guifeng Sui
AU - Weimin Zhang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/06
JO - Frontiers in neurology
DO - 10.3389/fneur.2026.1900892
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42903618
AB - Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is a chronic neurological disorder characterized mainly by impaired wakefulness maintenance and dysregulated rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, which markedly affects patients' daytime functioning and quality of life. The core pathological basis of NT1 is the selective loss of orexinergic neurons. The orexinergic system regulates histaminergic neurons in the tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN) through anatomical projections and functional excitation, while the histaminergic system contributes to cortical activation, arousal maintenance, and attention regulation. Therefore, the orexinergic and histaminergic systems can be regarded as interconnected and functionally complementary components of the arousal network. Previous studies have suggested alterations in histaminergic signaling in NT1, although the specific mechanisms underlying its role in NT1 remain incompletely understood. Current evidence suggests that histamine may play a modulatory role in NT1-associated phenotypes. This review summarizes the physiological functions of the histaminergic system in arousal regulation and discusses its interaction with the orexinergic system. It further analyzes the role of HA in NT1, its influence on clinical phenotypes, and related therapeutic strategies, with the aim of providing insights for mechanistic research and precision treatment of NT1.
SN - 1664-2295
ER -