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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-NDBMC cardiovascular disorders

Glyceamic variability is a pridictor of in-hopital and long-term mortality of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy: a 5-year retrospective cohort study.

  • Yang Liu1,2
  • Qiwei Shen2,3
  • Hongyu Liu1,2
  • Gregory Y H Lip4,5,6
  • Kui Hong7,8,9
9 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
  2. 2Molecular Medicine of Jiangxi Key Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
  3. 3Department of Genetic Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
  4. 4Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
  5. 5Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
  6. 6Department of Cardiology, Lipidology and Internal Medicine with Intensive Coronary Care Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
  7. 7Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China. [email protected].
  8. 8Molecular Medicine of Jiangxi Key Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China. [email protected].
  9. 9Department of Genetic Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China. [email protected].
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Abstract

Background

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major cause of heart failure with high morbidity and mortality, yet reliable prognostic markers remain limited. Glycaemic variability (GV), reflecting fluctuations in glucose levels, has been linked to adverse cardiovascular outcomes, but its role in DCM remains uncertain.Methods

Data were obtained from Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston. We included patients with DCM as the primary diagnosis and ≥ 3 glucose measurements during hospitalization. GV was defined as the natural logarithm of the standard deviation-to-mean glucose ratio and analyzed continuously and categorically (GV ≥ 2.9 vs. <2.9). Outcomes included in-hospital, and 1-, 3-, and 5-year all-cause mortalities. Multivariable Cox regression models were adjusted for demographic, clinical, and laboratory covariates.Results

A total of 580 patients with DCM were included (mean age 64.20 (14.80); 73% male; 55% White). Patients with GV ≥ 2.9 had higher rates of in-hospital mortality (5.6% vs. 0.7%), ICU admission (52% vs. 28%) and worse long-term outcomes, including 1-year (20% vs. 10%), 3-year (26% vs. 17%), and 5-year (29% vs. 19%) mortalities. After adjusting for demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables, Each unit increase in GV increased the risk of in-hospital [adjusted OR(aOR): 5.12, 95% CI: 1.07-31.2], ICU admission (aOR 2.59),1-year [adjusted HR (aHR) 1.84], 3-year (aHR 1.65), and 5-year (aHR 1.60) death.Conclusion

GV is associated with both short- and long-term mortality in patients with DCM. The cohort median GV value of 2.9 might help stratify patients according to clinical risk.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{liu2026glyceamic,
  title = {{Glyceamic variability is a pridictor of in-hopital and long-term mortality of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy: a 5-year retrospective cohort study.}},
  author = {Yang Liu and Qiwei Shen and Hongyu Liu and Gregory Y H Lip and Kui Hong},
  journal = {BMC cardiovascular disorders},
  year = {2026},
  month = jul,
  doi = {10.1186/s12872-026-06338-y},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42902144},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Glyceamic variability is a pridictor of in-hopital and long-term mortality of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy: a 5-year retrospective cohort study.
AU  - Yang Liu
AU  - Qiwei Shen
AU  - Hongyu Liu
AU  - Gregory Y H Lip
AU  - Kui Hong
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/01
JO  - BMC cardiovascular disorders
DO  - 10.1186/s12872-026-06338-y
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42902144
AB  - Background  Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major cause of heart failure with high morbidity and mortality, yet reliable prognostic markers remain limited. Glycaemic variability (GV), reflecting fluctuations in glucose levels, has been linked to adverse cardiovascular outcomes, but its role in DCM remains uncertain.Methods  Data were obtained from Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston. We included patients with DCM as the primary diagnosis and ≥ 3 glucose measurements during hospitalization. GV was defined as the natural logarithm of the standard deviation-to-mean glucose ratio and analyzed continuously and categorically (GV ≥ 2.9 vs. <2.9). Outcomes included in-hospital, and 1-, 3-, and 5-year all-cause mortalities. Multivariable Cox regression models were adjusted for demographic, clinical, and laboratory covariates.Results  A total of 580 patients with DCM were included (mean age 64.20 (14.80); 73% male; 55% White). Patients with GV ≥ 2.9 had higher rates of in-hospital mortality (5.6% vs. 0.7%), ICU admission (52% vs. 28%) and worse long-term outcomes, including 1-year (20% vs. 10%), 3-year (26% vs. 17%), and 5-year (29% vs. 19%) mortalities. After adjusting for demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables, Each unit increase in GV increased the risk of in-hospital [adjusted OR(aOR): 5.12, 95% CI: 1.07-31.2], ICU admission (aOR 2.59),1-year [adjusted HR (aHR) 1.84], 3-year (aHR 1.65), and 5-year (aHR 1.60) death.Conclusion  GV is associated with both short- and long-term mortality in patients with DCM. The cohort median GV value of 2.9 might help stratify patients according to clinical risk.
SN  - 1471-2261
ER  -