Wastewater Metagenomic Virome Analysis of the 2026 World Cup in Texas
- 1Baylor College of Medicine
Abstract
Mass gatherings are thought to create conditions for pathogen introduction and spread, yet whether such events measurably alter the viral community of a city has rarely been tested against an extensive historical baseline. We analyzed 5,137 hybrid-capture metagenomic wastewater samples collected from 55 sites across 17 Texas cities between June 2022 and July 2026, spanning the 2026 FIFA World Cup. We asked (1) whether host-city viral community composition during the tournament departed from its established summer-to-summer range, (2) whether targeted respiratory viruses rose above their characteristic summer trend, and (3) whether the load of rare and novel taxa was elevated in host cities relative to non-host cities. Despite the plausibility of these hypotheses, we detected no tournament-associated perturbations. Although based on a single event, these findings favor continuous wastewater surveillance over event-triggered deployment, both for detecting introductions that arrive unpredictably and for supplying the baseline against which any event should be judged.
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BibTeX
@misc{perez2026wastewater,
title = {{Wastewater Metagenomic Virome Analysis of the 2026 World Cup in Texas}},
author = {R. K. Perez and H. Prakash and D. Jaynes and P. Huang and J. Deegan and B. Brooks and L. Hopkins and M. Ross and M. Minor and K. Payne and T. Ayvaz and J. R. Clark and E. Boerwinkle and M. J. Tisza and A. W. Maresso},
howpublished = {medRxiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.64898/2026.09.04.26362178},
url = {https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.04.26362178v1},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Wastewater Metagenomic Virome Analysis of the 2026 World Cup in Texas
AU - R. K. Perez
AU - H. Prakash
AU - D. Jaynes
AU - P. Huang
AU - J. Deegan
AU - B. Brooks
AU - L. Hopkins
AU - M. Ross
AU - M. Minor
AU - K. Payne
AU - T. Ayvaz
AU - J. R. Clark
AU - E. Boerwinkle
AU - M. J. Tisza
AU - A. W. Maresso
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/04
PB - medRxiv
DO - 10.64898/2026.09.04.26362178
UR - https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.04.26362178v1
AB - Mass gatherings are thought to create conditions for pathogen introduction and spread, yet whether such events measurably alter the viral community of a city has rarely been tested against an extensive historical baseline. We analyzed 5,137 hybrid-capture metagenomic wastewater samples collected from 55 sites across 17 Texas cities between June 2022 and July 2026, spanning the 2026 FIFA World Cup. We asked (1) whether host-city viral community composition during the tournament departed from its established summer-to-summer range, (2) whether targeted respiratory viruses rose above their characteristic summer trend, and (3) whether the load of rare and novel taxa was elevated in host cities relative to non-host cities. Despite the plausibility of these hypotheses, we detected no tournament-associated perturbations. Although based on a single event, these findings favor continuous wastewater surveillance over event-triggered deployment, both for detecting introductions that arrive unpredictably and for supplying the baseline against which any event should be judged.
ER -