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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-ND 4.0International Journal of Oncology

Nucleocytoplasmic transport in gynaecological cancer: From mechanisms to therapeutic potential (Review)

  • Ieva Norkaityte1
  • Laura Marija Racyte1
  • Egle Balciunaite2
  • Aiste Avizaite3
  • Egle Zalyte1,4
4 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
  2. 2Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
  3. 3Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
  4. 4Department of Functional Materials and Electronics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Abstract

Proper localization of proteins and RNAs in a cell is crucial for physiological function and cellular homeostasis, while disruption of the nucleocytoplasmic transport machinery leads to carcinogenesis. In gynaecological (endometrial, cervical and ovarian) tumours, upregulated nuclear transport protein expression promotes malignant cell proliferation, invasion and resistance to therapy. Therefore, therapeutic targeting of nuclear transport proteins has emerged as a promising anticancer approach. Researchers have extensively studied both nuclear import and export inhibitors in preclinical settings, alone or in combination with other targeted therapy agents. However, to date, only one compound, the exportin 1 inhibitor Selinexor, has been approved for cancer treatment. The development of nuclear transport inhibition-based therapies is hindered by limited inhibitor specificity and complex cellular resistance mechanisms. The aim of the present review was to clarify the connection between nuclear transport dysregulation, hallmarks of gynaecological tumours and the challenges of inhibiting nuclear transport in gynaecological cancer treatment.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{norkaityte2026nucleocytoplasmic,
  title = {{Nucleocytoplasmic transport in gynaecological cancer: From mechanisms to therapeutic potential (Review)}},
  author = {Ieva Norkaityte and Laura Marija Racyte and Egle Balciunaite and Aiste Avizaite and Egle Zalyte},
  journal = {International Journal of Oncology},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3892/ijo.2026.5945},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2026.5945},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nucleocytoplasmic transport in gynaecological cancer: From mechanisms to therapeutic potential (Review)
AU  - Ieva Norkaityte
AU  - Laura Marija Racyte
AU  - Egle Balciunaite
AU  - Aiste Avizaite
AU  - Egle Zalyte
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/08
JO  - International Journal of Oncology
DO  - 10.3892/ijo.2026.5945
UR  - https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2026.5945
AB  - Proper localization of proteins and RNAs in a cell is crucial for physiological function and cellular homeostasis, while disruption of the nucleocytoplasmic transport machinery leads to carcinogenesis. In gynaecological (endometrial, cervical and ovarian) tumours, upregulated nuclear transport protein expression promotes malignant cell proliferation, invasion and resistance to therapy. Therefore, therapeutic targeting of nuclear transport proteins has emerged as a promising anticancer approach. Researchers have extensively studied both nuclear import and export inhibitors in preclinical settings, alone or in combination with other targeted therapy agents. However, to date, only one compound, the exportin 1 inhibitor Selinexor, has been approved for cancer treatment. The development of nuclear transport inhibition-based therapies is hindered by limited inhibitor specificity and complex cellular resistance mechanisms. The aim of the present review was to clarify the connection between nuclear transport dysregulation, hallmarks of gynaecological tumours and the challenges of inhibiting nuclear transport in gynaecological cancer treatment.
SN  - 1019-6439
SN  - 1791-2423
ER  -