Does HD 3167 Have Planets with Perpendicular Orbits?

Abstract

The two transiting planets of HD 3167 were reported to follow nearly perpendicular paths, with the inner orbit aligned with the stellar equator and the outer orbit nearly polar. This interpretation depends critically on a challenging single-transit detection of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect of the inner planet. We observed three additional transits of the inner planet with the Keck Planet Finder and analyzed the new data together with two archival ESPRESSO transit datasets. We do not confirm the previously reported low obliquity. Our analysis favors a projected obliquity of −66⁺¹⁴₋₁₂ degrees, consistent with coplanar orbits. However, because the best-fit projected rotation velocity is higher than expected, and because the obliquity uncertainty grows substantially when the most discrepant of the five transit datasets is omitted, we regard the geometry of the HD 3167 system as still unsettled.

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BibTeX RIS

BibTeX

@misc{winn2026does,
  title = {{Does HD 3167 Have Planets with Perpendicular Orbits?}},
  author = {Joshua N. Winn and Jack Lubin and Guðmundur Stefánsson and Haochuan Yu and Erik Petigura and Howard Isaacson and Andrew W. Howard and Fei Dai},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.19277},
  eprint = {2609.19277},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.19277},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}

RIS

TY  - UNPB
TI  - Does HD 3167 Have Planets with Perpendicular Orbits?
AU  - Joshua N. Winn
AU  - Jack Lubin
AU  - Guðmundur Stefánsson
AU  - Haochuan Yu
AU  - Erik Petigura
AU  - Howard Isaacson
AU  - Andrew W. Howard
AU  - Fei Dai
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/16
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.19277
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.19277
AB  - The two transiting planets of HD 3167 were reported to follow nearly perpendicular paths, with the inner orbit aligned with the stellar equator and the outer orbit nearly polar. This interpretation depends critically on a challenging single-transit detection of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect of the inner planet. We observed three additional transits of the inner planet with the Keck Planet Finder and analyzed the new data together with two archival ESPRESSO transit datasets. We do not confirm the previously reported low obliquity. Our analysis favors a projected obliquity of −66^+14_−12 degrees, consistent with coplanar orbits. However, because the best-fit projected rotation velocity is higher than expected, and because the obliquity uncertainty grows substantially when the most discrepant of the five transit datasets is omitted, we regard the geometry of the HD 3167 system as still unsettled.
ER  -

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