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PreprintCC BY 4.0arXiv

Thermodynamic Stability of Classical ℤ2 Lattice Gauge Models

  • Shunsuke Sengoku
  • Weiguang Cao
  • Haruki Watanabe
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Abstract

Finite-temperature phases are traditionally studied through spontaneous symmetry breaking, but symmetry-breaking fields can remove their distinction, as in the Ising model. This motivates the search for stable nontrivial thermal phases without symmetry protection. For classical ℤ2 lattice gauge models with spins on m-dimensional cells in a fixed spatial dimension d, we prove joint analyticity of the thermodynamic free-energy density in temperature and perturbation strength at sufficiently low positive temperatures under sufficiently weak local perturbations, whenever 1≤ m≤ d−2. Perturbations need not preserve internal or gauge symmetries and may include noncommuting quantum interactions. A separate high-temperature expansion yields an analytic region reaching infinite temperature at any fixed finite perturbation strength. These results establish thermodynamic stability and support the conjecture that low- and high-temperature regimes remain separated by a thermal transition without symmetry protection.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@misc{sengoku2026thermodynamic,
  title = {{Thermodynamic Stability of Classical $\mathbb Z_2$ Lattice Gauge Models}},
  author = {Shunsuke Sengoku and Weiguang Cao and Haruki Watanabe},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.27938},
  eprint = {2610.27938},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.27938},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - Thermodynamic Stability of Classical ℤ_2 Lattice Gauge Models
AU  - Shunsuke Sengoku
AU  - Weiguang Cao
AU  - Haruki Watanabe
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/20
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.27938
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.27938
AB  - Finite-temperature phases are traditionally studied through spontaneous symmetry breaking, but symmetry-breaking fields can remove their distinction, as in the Ising model. This motivates the search for stable nontrivial thermal phases without symmetry protection. For classical ℤ_2 lattice gauge models with spins on m-dimensional cells in a fixed spatial dimension d, we prove joint analyticity of the thermodynamic free-energy density in temperature and perturbation strength at sufficiently low positive temperatures under sufficiently weak local perturbations, whenever 1≤ m≤ d−2. Perturbations need not preserve internal or gauge symmetries and may include noncommuting quantum interactions. A separate high-temperature expansion yields an analytic region reaching infinite temperature at any fixed finite perturbation strength. These results establish thermodynamic stability and support the conjecture that low- and high-temperature regimes remain separated by a thermal transition without symmetry protection.
ER  -