Gauging Modulated Symmetries: Bond Algebras, Higher-Form Symmetries, and Symmetry-Enriched Topological Order
Abstract
We develop a constructive framework for characterizing modulated symmetries and their gauging in d-dimensional lattice systems. The modulation profiles are organized as a finite-dimensional representation of the space group acting on a finite Abelian internal symmetry group. Since the corresponding automorphism group is finite, the nontrivial spatial action factors through a finite quotient of the space group, leading to periodic modulation patterns and providing a classification framework for discrete Abelian modulated symmetries. The symmetry-allowed local interactions are systematically obtained from a kernel construction, which also yields an algebra of open operators. Upon gauging, its elements are transmuted into extended Wilson and boundary operators while retaining their algebraic relations. In the deconfined regime, the resulting algebra realizes a mixed 't Hooft anomaly, providing a microscopic route to Abelian crystalline symmetry-enriched topological phases (SETs). These SETs do not mix electric and magnetic sectors, which transform in mutually contragredient representations, thereby preserving their braiding pairing. We illustrate the framework through explicit examples and show that several models present in the literature fit naturally within our construction.
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BibTeX
@misc{yoshitome2026gauging,
title = {{Gauging Modulated Symmetries: Bond Algebras, Higher-Form Symmetries, and Symmetry-Enriched Topological Order}},
author = {Gustavo M. Yoshitome and Pedro R. S. Gomes and Guilherme Delfino},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.10764},
eprint = {2610.10764},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.10764},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Gauging Modulated Symmetries: Bond Algebras, Higher-Form Symmetries, and Symmetry-Enriched Topological Order
AU - Gustavo M. Yoshitome
AU - Pedro R. S. Gomes
AU - Guilherme Delfino
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/15
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.10764
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.10764
AB - We develop a constructive framework for characterizing modulated symmetries and their gauging in d-dimensional lattice systems. The modulation profiles are organized as a finite-dimensional representation of the space group acting on a finite Abelian internal symmetry group. Since the corresponding automorphism group is finite, the nontrivial spatial action factors through a finite quotient of the space group, leading to periodic modulation patterns and providing a classification framework for discrete Abelian modulated symmetries. The symmetry-allowed local interactions are systematically obtained from a kernel construction, which also yields an algebra of open operators. Upon gauging, its elements are transmuted into extended Wilson and boundary operators while retaining their algebraic relations. In the deconfined regime, the resulting algebra realizes a mixed 't Hooft anomaly, providing a microscopic route to Abelian crystalline symmetry-enriched topological phases (SETs). These SETs do not mix electric and magnetic sectors, which transform in mutually contragredient representations, thereby preserving their braiding pairing. We illustrate the framework through explicit examples and show that several models present in the literature fit naturally within our construction.
ER -