Observation of stacked vortex structure with number controllable Majorana zero mode in Bi2Te3/FeTe heterojunction
Abstract
Creation and control of Majorana zero modes (MZMs) in solid devices is the key challenge in realizing fault tolerant topological quantum computation. Here we report spectroscopic evidence for number controllable MZMs in stoichiometric one quintuple layer Bi2Te3/FeTe heterostructures, together with the observation of stacked vortices in superconducting islands. Low temperature scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy reveal a long period moire superlattice arising from lattice mismatch, which induces nanoscale modulation of superconducting gaps. Magnetic vortices exhibit a stacked core structure with two layer derived bound state branches: a dispersive branch evolving into an X-shaped pattern away from the vortex center, and a quantum-limit branch characterized by a spatially unsplit MZMs together with discrete integer quantized Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon states. Notably, MZMs are observed in all measured vortices, and their number can be tuned by magnetic field and the size of Bi2Te3 islands. These results establish stoichiometric 1QL-Bi2Te3/FeTe as a patterned superconducting interface that enables isolated and few-vortex Majorana configurations, providing a controlled platform for fuse MZMs.
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BibTeX
@misc{han2026observation,
title = {{Observation of stacked vortex structure with number controllable Majorana zero mode in Bi$_2$Te$_3$/FeTe heterojunction}},
author = {Xinru Han and Zhaokun Luo and Quanxin Hu and Xingjian Zhu and Xiaohong Pan and Dan Mu and Xinyu Liang and Zulin Xu and Qiheng Wang and Ryan L. Kong and Mingyuan Li and Zhengliang Zhang and Fazhi Yang and Mojun Pan and Xin Liu and Qiangqiang Gu and Baiqing Lv and Gan Wang and Hong Ding},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.17701},
eprint = {2610.17701},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.17701},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Observation of stacked vortex structure with number controllable Majorana zero mode in Bi_2Te_3/FeTe heterojunction
AU - Xinru Han
AU - Zhaokun Luo
AU - Quanxin Hu
AU - Xingjian Zhu
AU - Xiaohong Pan
AU - Dan Mu
AU - Xinyu Liang
AU - Zulin Xu
AU - Qiheng Wang
AU - Ryan L. Kong
AU - Mingyuan Li
AU - Zhengliang Zhang
AU - Fazhi Yang
AU - Mojun Pan
AU - Xin Liu
AU - Qiangqiang Gu
AU - Baiqing Lv
AU - Gan Wang
AU - Hong Ding
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/13
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.17701
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.17701
AB - Creation and control of Majorana zero modes (MZMs) in solid devices is the key challenge in realizing fault tolerant topological quantum computation. Here we report spectroscopic evidence for number controllable MZMs in stoichiometric one quintuple layer Bi_2Te_3/FeTe heterostructures, together with the observation of stacked vortices in superconducting islands. Low temperature scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy reveal a long period moire superlattice arising from lattice mismatch, which induces nanoscale modulation of superconducting gaps. Magnetic vortices exhibit a stacked core structure with two layer derived bound state branches: a dispersive branch evolving into an X-shaped pattern away from the vortex center, and a quantum-limit branch characterized by a spatially unsplit MZMs together with discrete integer quantized Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon states. Notably, MZMs are observed in all measured vortices, and their number can be tuned by magnetic field and the size of Bi_2Te_3 islands. These results establish stoichiometric 1QL-Bi_2Te_3/FeTe as a patterned superconducting interface that enables isolated and few-vortex Majorana configurations, providing a controlled platform for fuse MZMs.
ER -